《毕出21套》解析：语法第7套

语法第7套

1. 

To meet the rapidly rising market demand for fish and seafood, suppliers are growing fish twice as fast as their natural growth rate, cutting their feed allotment by nearly half and raising them on special diets. 

(A) their natural growth rate, cutting their feed allotment 

(B) their natural growth rate, their feed allotment cut 

(C) growing them naturally, cutting their feed allotment 

(D) they grow naturally, cutting their feed allotment 

(E) they grow naturally, with their feed allotment cut 

解析：

A． as...as...中，第二个as身后按理来说应该接完整句子，但在比较当中，经常会有和前面重复的成分，那么一样的成分往往会省略。此选项中，as身后是rate，但前面没有对应的比较对象。如果rate和前面的suppliers对应，那么as身后的句子还原就是“rate are growing fish（速率养鱼）”；如果和fish对应，那么as身后的句子还原就是“suppliers are growing rate（供应商养速率）”。语意有误。

B． as身后是rate，语意有误同A。

C． as身后的growing them naturally只能和前面的growing fish对应，那么as身后的句子还原就是“suppliers are growing them naturally（供应商自然地养殖鱼）”，grow the fish指人工养殖，那么此时就不能再用naturally形容，自然生长和人工养殖是互斥的两种情况。所以此选项语意有误。

D． 正确。suppliers are growing fish（供应商养鱼）和they grow naturally（鱼自然地生长）这两件事比较。

E． and身后的raising往前找没有并列对象，语法有误。

2.

Scientists have identified an asteroid, 2000 BF19, that is about half a mile wide and, if it strikes Earth, it can do tremendous damage to part of the planet but probably not cause planetwide destruction.

(A) and, if it strikes Earth, it can do tremendous damage to part of the planet but

(B) and, if it would strike Earth, part of the planet could experience a tremendous amount of damage but it would

(C) and that, if it were to strike Earth, could do tremendous damage to part of the planet but would

(D) and that, if Earth is struck by it, can do part of the planet tremendous damage, but it would

(E) and that, if it strikes Earth, it could experience a tremendous amount of damage but

解析：

A． and身后是完整句“it can do tremendous damage to part of the planet（小行星可以对星球的部分造成伤害）”，此时它和前面的完整句“Scientists have identified an asteroid（科学家发现小行星）”并列。但逻辑上，同一范畴的事情才可以并列。小行星对星球造成伤害属于小行星自己的一个特点，所以和前面的定语从句“is about half a mile wide（大约半英里宽）”并列更合理。

B． and身后的完整句和“科学家发现小行星”并列，语意有误同A。

C． 正确。and身后是that的定语从句，和前面的定语从句并列，均修饰小行星的特点。

D． but和and一样，是并列连词。but身后出现了完整句“it would not cause planetwide destruction（它不会造成大面积毁灭）”，此时它只能和前面的完整句“科学家发现小行星”形成转折关系。但逻辑上，它应该和“can do part of the planet tremendous damage（给星球部分造成毁灭）”形成转折才合理。

E． 定语从句是缺成分的，但that身后是完整句，它不再是定语从句，无法和前面的定语从句并列，语法有误。

3.

A star will compress itself into a white dwarf, a neutron star, or a black hole after it passes through a red giant stage, depending on mass.

(A) A star will compress itself into a white dwarf, a neutron star, or a black hole after it passes through a red giant stage, depending on mass.

(B) After passing through a red giant stage, depending on its mass, a star will compress itself into a white dwarf, a neutron star, or a black hole.

(C) After passing through a red giant stage, a star's mass will determine if it compresses itself into a white dwarf, a neutron star, or a black hole.

(D) Mass determines whether a star, after passing through the red giant stage, will compress itself into a white dwarf, a neutron star, or a black hole.

(E) The mass of a star, after passing through the red giant stage, will determine whether it compresses itself into a white dwarf, a neutron star, or a black hole.

解析：

A. depending on mass是伴随状语，其逻辑主语与主句主语一致，代入：a star depends on mass（星星取决于质量），但逻辑上“质量”决定的应该是“星星会变成白矮星，中子星，或者黑洞”这件事情，而不仅仅是“星星”这一个东西。

B. depend on mass的主语是星星，逻辑有误同A。

C. passing是伴随状语，其逻辑主语与主句主语一致，代入：mass pass through a red giant stage。逻辑上应该是star发出pass这个动作，而非mass。

D. 正确。

E. pass的主语是mass，逻辑有误同C。

4.

An archaeological excavation at what might have been a workshop where statues were reproduced yielded 1,532 fragments of human figures, including 7 intact statues.

(A) what might have been a workshop where statues were reproduced yielded 1,532 fragments of human figures, including

(B) what might have been a workshop where statues were reproduced yielded 1,532 fragments of human figures and

(C) the site of a possible workshop where statues were reproduced yielded 1,532 fragments of human figures and

(D) the site of a possible workshop where statues were reproduced yielded 1,532 fragments of human figures, including

(E) the site of a possible workshop where statues might have been reproduced yielded 1,532 fragments of human figures, including

解析：

A． intact意为“完整的”，fragments意为“碎片”。逻辑上，碎片和完整品是互斥关系，不可能是 “including（包含）”的关系。所以，1532 fragments和7 intact statues应该用and连接，即“1532个碎片和7个完整的雕像”。

B． 正确。

C． possible做定语修饰workshop，意为“可能的工厂”，但逻辑上我们只能说什么东西“有可能”是XX，而不能说这是一个“可能的”XX。

D． possible做定语修饰workshop，语意有误同C。

E． possible做定语修饰workshop，语意有误同C。

5.

Unlike most severance packages, which require workers to stay until the last day scheduled to collect, workers at the automobile company are eligible for its severance package even if they find a new job before they are terminated.

(A) the last day scheduled to collect, workers at the automobile company are eligible for its severance package

(B) the last day they are scheduled to collect, workers are eligible for the automobile company's severance package

(C) their last scheduled day to collect, the automobile company offers its severance package to workers

(D) their last scheduled day in order to collect, the automobile company's severance package is available to workers

(E) the last day that they are scheduled to collect, the automobile company's severance package is available to workers 

解析：

A． unlike做介词表比较，其身后的名词需要和主语构成比较关系。此选项中，主语workers很明显无法和packages形成比较关系。

B． packages和workers比较，不合理。

C． packages和company比较，不合理。

D． 正确。

E． day身后的that从句不合理。如果这个that引导定语从句，那么先行词day需要在从句中做成分，此时只能做collect的宾语，还原就是：they are scheduled to collect day（他们被安排去收集日子），语意不通；如果做同位语从句，意为“day”的内容是“他们被安排去收集”，语意不通（同位语从句的先行词需要是抽象名词，如fact，evidence，idea等等）。

6.

Bluegrass musician Bill Monroe, whose repertory, views on musical collaboration, and vocal style were influential on generations of bluegrass artists, was also an inspiration to many musicians, that included Elvis Presley and Jerry Garcia, whose music differed significantly from his own.

(A) were influential on generations of bluegrass artists, was also an inspiration to many musicians, that included Elvis Presley and Jerry Garcia, whose music differed significantly from

(B) influenced generations of bluegrass artists, also inspired many musicians, including Elvis Presley and Jerry Garcia, whose music differed significantly from

(C) was influential to generations of bluegrass artists, was also inspirational to many musicians, that included Elvis Presley and Jerry Garcia, whose music was different significantly in comparison to

(D) was influential to generations of bluegrass artists, also inspired many musicians, who included Elvis Presley and Jerry Garcia, the music of whom differed significantly when compared to

(E) were an influence on generations of bluegrass artists, was also an inspiration to many musicians, including Elvis Presley and Jerry Garcia, whose music was significantly different from that of 

解析：

A. 主句抽主干：Bill Monroe（主） was（谓） an inspiration（补），意为“BM是一个鼓舞”。但逻辑上，我们只能说某人鼓舞了某人，不能说某人“是”一个鼓舞。

that引导的定语从句，是不可以和先行词隔逗号的。

B. 正确。主干：Bill Monroe（主）inspired（谓）musicians（宾）。意为“BM鼓舞了音乐家”。

C. whose引导的定语从句中，主语为“repertory, views, and vocal style”这三样东西，谓语用was，出现了主谓不一致的错误。

D. whose引导的定语从句中，主谓不一致错误同C。

E. 主句主干为“BM是一个鼓舞”，语意有误同A。

7. 

Although unhappy with the high rent her company was paying for its suburban office building, the chief executive recognized rental rates for buildings in the suburbs as far lower than it typically is for property that is located within the city limits.

(A) rental rates for buildings in the suburbs as far lower than it typically is for property that is located within the city limits

(B) rental rates for buildings in the suburbs as being far lower than what the rates typically charged within the city limits had been for property located there

(C) rental rates typically being charged for property located within the city limits to be far lower as they typically were within the city limits for the property there

(D) that rental rates for buildings in the suburbs were far lower than rental rates typically being charged within the city limits for property located there

(E) that rental rates for buildings in the suburbs were far lower than those typically charged for property located within the city limits 

解析：

A． 宾语的核心词为“rental rates”，此时被董事长意识到的是“租金率”这样一个东西，但逻辑上董事长意识到的应该是一件事情，这件事情是“租金如何如何”。

B． 宾语是rental rates，语意有误同A。

C． 宾语是rental rates，语意有误同A。

D． 从句作宾语，合理。但此选项中，within the city limits做状语修饰charged，意为“收费”这个动作发生在城市里。“收费”是一个抽象的动作，并没有具体的发生地点。并且，结合than前面的内容，比较的对象应该是“郊区的房子的租金率”和“城市里的房子的租金率”，所以“within the city limits”应该修饰房子的坐落地点，而非“收费”这个动作的发生地点。

E． 正确。within the city limits做located的状语，“located within the city limits”做property的定语。意为“坐落在城市范围里的房子”。

8. 

When drafting the Declaration of Sentiments that was adopted at the Seneca Falls Women's Rights Convention in 1848, included in it by the author, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, was a call for female enfranchisement.

(A) When drafting the Declaration of Sentiments that was adopted at the Seneca Falls Women's Rights Convention in 1848, included in it by the author, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, was a call for female enfranchisement.

(B) Including a call for female enfranchisement, a draft of the Declaration of Sentiments was adopted at the Seneca Falls Women's Rights Convention in 1848 that Elizabeth Cady Stanton wrote.

(C) When the Declaration of Sentiments drafted by Elizabeth Cady Stanton was adopted at the Seneca Falls Women's Convention in 1848, a call for female enfranchisement had been included in it.

(D) A call for female enfranchisement, included in Elizabeth Cady Stanton's draft of the Declaration of Sentiments in 1848, that was adopted by the Seneca Falls Women's Rights Convention.

(E) When Elizabeth Cady Stanton drafted the Declaration of Sentiments that was adopted at the Seneca Falls Women's Rights Convention in 1848, she included in it a call for female enfranchisement.

解析：

A． 主句部分出现倒装：included in it by the author was a call. 还原为：a call（主） was included（谓） in it（宾补） by the author（宾）.句首的when drafting是伴随状语，其逻辑主语与主句主语一致，但很明显，不能是“call（呼吁）”起草了一个宣言，应该是“人”起草宣言才对。

B． 主句主干：a draft（主）was adopted（谓） at the Seneca Falls Women's Rights Convention in 1848（宾补）。逻辑上被采纳的应该是“the Declaration（宣言）”本身，而不是宣言的“draft（草稿）”。

C． When引导时间状语从句，修饰included的发生时间。从句的意思为“宣言被采纳时”。此时选项的字面意思为“当宣言被采纳时，一个呼吁被包含进去”；而E选项的字面意思为“当Elizabeth起草宣言的时候，她包含了一个呼吁进去”。逻辑上，呼吁被包含进宣言的时间应该发生在Elizabeth起草宣言的时候，而非宣言被采纳的时候。被采纳的时候再包含呼吁进去已经晚了。

D． 整句话缺少谓语动词。

E． 正确。 

9.

In despite of the steady population flow out from rural areas into urban clusters, nearly 5 million farm households are still in Japan out of a total population of some 116 million people.

(A) In despite of the steady population flow out from rural areas into urban clusters, nearly 5 million farm households are still in Japan

(B) In spite of the steady population flow out from rural areas into urban clusters, nearly 5 million farm households are still in Japan

(C) Despite the steady population flow from rural areas into urban clusters, Japan's farm households are still nearly 5 million

(D) Despite the steady population flow from rural areas to urban clusters, there are still nearly 5 million farm households in Japan

(E) In Japan, despite the steady population flow out from rural areas into urban clusters, still there are nearly 5 million farm households

解析：

A． 只有“despite”或者“in spite of”，没有“in despite of”这种用法。

B． 主句主干为：5 million farm households（主） are（谓） in Japan（补），意为“500万的农业家庭 是 在日本的”。这句话本身没什么问题，但和前半句“尽管人口流出”结合，后半句应该强调的是“还有”500万的农业家庭，而不是500万的农业家庭具有“在日本”这样一个特点（主谓补句型着重描述主语的一个特点）。

C． 主句主干为：farm households are 5 million，意为“农业家庭 是 500万”。很明显，我们不能说家庭是一个数字。

D． 正确。There be句型强调“有”这个动作。

E． In Japan做状语修饰“有”这个动作，但“有”作为一个抽象动作，没有具体的发生地点。如D所写，in Japan做“households”的定语更合理，意为“日本的农业家庭”。

10.

Researchers have chronicled changes in monsoon intensity that have occurred over tens of thousands of years, with few of them that have examined variations in intensity over the smaller time scales relevant to human civilization.

(A) with few of them that have examined variations in intensity over 

(B) with few of them being examined variations in intensity for 

(C) but few have examined variations in intensity for 

(D) but few having examined the variations in intensity over 

(E) although few had examined variations in intensity over

解析：

A． with few of them是介词短语做状语，意为“随着他们”，them指代researchers。此时选项的字面意思为“随着研究人员，研究人员记录了改变”。很明显语意不通，一个词不能即做主语又做状语。

B． with + 名词 + doing/done是独立主格。独立主格是简化的状语从句，还原为：few of them（主） were examined（谓） variations（宾）。如果我们把这个被动句还原为主动句：sb（主） examine（谓）few of them（宾1） variations（宾2）。此时，examine带了双宾语，但只有具有“传递”含义的动词才可以带双宾语，如give，pass，lend等等。examine不可以加双宾。

C． 正确。

D． but身后不是完整句子，语法有误。

E． 从句用了过去完成式，但chronicled和examined是发生在同一时间段的，所以应该时态一致。

11.

The budget for education reflects the administration's demand that the money is controlled by local school districts, but it can only be spent on teachers, not on books, computers, or other materials or activities.

(A) the money is controlled by local school districts, but it can only be spent

(B) the money be controlled by local school districts, but it allows them to spend the money only

(C) the money is to be controlled by local school districts, but allowing it only to be spent

(D) local school districts are in control of the money, but it allows them to spend the money only

(E) local school districts are to be in control of the money, but it can only spend it

解析：

A． only修饰对象有误。only是一个很“严格”的修饰词，它只能修饰其身后的那个词。如：

a) Only Mary ate cakes：只有Mary吃了蛋糕，小明没吃小李没吃，吃蛋糕的人只有Mary

b) Mary only ate cakes：Mary对蛋糕做的只有“吃”这个动作，没有扔蛋糕没有打蛋糕

c) Mary ate only cakes： Mary吃的东西只有蛋糕，没吃别的，没吃苹果没吃梨，只吃了蛋糕

所以语意上来说，only应该紧紧跟着on teachers，意为花钱的地方只有“老师”身上，没有别的地方。

B． 正确。demand等表命令、要求的词身后的从句中，动词可以用原形，但也可以不用。

C． but身后的allowing往前找没有合理的并列对象；only修饰有误。

D． 同位语从句抽主干：local school districts（主） are（谓） in control（补），意为“学校 是 在控制里的”，但逻辑上，上级要求的事情的应该是“钱 被 学校控制”，如B所写。

E． local school districts are to be in control语意有误同D；only修饰对象有误。

12.

Heavy commitment by an executive to a course of action, especially if it has worked well in the past, makes it likely to miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpret them when they do appear.

(A) Heavy commitment by an executive to a course of action, especially if it has worked well in the past, makes it likely to miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpret them when they do appear.

(B) An executive who is heavily committed to a course of action, especially one that worked well in the past, makes missing signs of incipient trouble or misinterpreting ones likely when they do appear.

(C) An executive who is heavily committed to a course of action is likely to miss or misinterpret signs of incipient trouble when they do appear, especially if it has worked well in the past.

(D) Executives’ being heavily committed to a course of action, especially if it has worked well in the past, makes them likely to miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpreting them when they do appear.

(E) Being heavily committed to a course of action, especially one that has worked well in the past, is likely to make an executive miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpret them when they do appear.

解析：

A． if引导条件状语从句，修饰make这个动作的发生条件。但“worked well in the past（过去很有效）”应该是course of action自己的特点，跟make这个动作没关系，因为逻辑上，“过度依赖某个做法”就会直接导致“错失信号或者误解这些信号”，不需要别的发生条件。

B． 主句主干：An executive（主） makes（谓） missing signs of incipient trouble or misinterpreting ones（宾） likely（宾补），意为“管理者使得错失信号有可能”。逻辑上，并不是“某个人”使得错失信号有可能，而是“过度依赖”这个行为导致错失信号有可能。

C． An executive（主） is likely to miss or misinterpret（谓） signs（宾）,意为“管理人员有可能错失或者误解信号”。此选项中，“过度依赖”成了主语的定语，和miss & misinterpret就没关系了。但逻辑上，“过度依赖”和miss & misinterpret有因果关系。

D． misinterpreting往前找没有并列对象，属于语法错误。

E． 正确。has worked well in the past是one的定语，one是course of action的同位语。

13.

Most vaccines are derived from weakened or killed strains of the same virus that they prevent, unlike the derivation of smallpox vaccine from a different virus altogether.

(A) the derivation of smallpox vaccine from a different virus altogether

(B) smallpox vaccine, which is derived from a different virus altogether

(C) smallpox's vaccine, which gets derived from a different virus altogether

(D) when smallpox vaccine is derived from an altogether different virus

(E) the altogether different virus from which smallpox vaccine is derived

解析：

A． unlike身后的名词需要和主句主语可比。主语是vaccines，所以unlike身后应该也是某种vaccines。此选项中，unlike身后是derivation，比较对象不对等。

B． 正确。

C． smallpox's vaccine和smallpox vaccine并不一样。前者意为“天花所拥有的疫苗”，后者意为“天花疫苗”。就如，female’s teacher意为“女性的老师”，而female teacher意为“女老师”。逻辑上，天花是不会“拥有”一个疫苗的，所以smallpox vaccine更合理。

D． unlike身后加了when引导的从句，语法有误。其身后只能加名词。

E． unlike身后是virus，比较对象不对等。

14. 

A study of food resources in the North Pacific between 1989 and 1996 revealed that creatures of the seabed were suffering from dwindling food supplies, possibly a result from increasing sea surface temperatures during the same period.

(A) that creatures of the seabed were suffering from dwindling food supplies, possibly a result from increasing

(B) that creatures of the seabed were suffering because food supplies were dwindling, possibly as a result of an increase in

(C) that creatures of the seabed were suffering because of food supplies, which were dwindling possibly as a result of increasing 

(D) creatures of the seabed that were suffering because food supplies were dwindling, which possibly resulted from increasing

(E) creatures of the seabed that were suffering because food supplies were dwindling, which possibly resulted from increasing

解析：

A． 宾语从句抽主干：creatures（主） were suffering from（谓） supplies（宾），意为“生物遭受供给”。“供给”是一个中性词，不可能是使生物受灾的东西。

B． 正确。because引导原因状语从句，说明suffer的原因是“食物供给在减少”这件事。

C． because of是介词短语，身后的核心词是food supplies，那么生物受灾的原因就成了“食物供给”这样一个东西，但逻辑上，使生物受灾的应该是“供给在减少”这件事。

D． reveal的对象不再是一件事情，而是creature这样一个东西。但逻辑上，研究只能揭示“一件事情”，不能揭示“生物”这样一个东西。

E． 宾语是creatures，语意有误同D。

15.

Recently documented examples of neurogenesis, the production of new brain cells, include the brain growing in mice when placed in a stimulating environment or neurons increasing in canaries that learn new songs.

(A) the brain growing in mice when placed in a stimulating environment or neurons increasing in canaries that

(B) mice whose brains grow when they are placed in a stimulating environment or canaries whose neurons increase when they

(C) mice's brains that grow when they are placed in a stimulating environment or canaries' neurons that increase when they

(D) the brain growth in mice when placed in a stimulating environment or the increase in canaries' neurons when they

(E) brain growth in mice that are placed in a stimulating environment or an increase in neurons in canaries that

解析：

A. 主句抽主干：examples include the brain.意为：例子包括大脑。鉴于此例子指的是神经再生之类的，宾语应该是“大脑生长”，而不仅仅是一个“大脑”。

B. 宾语的核心是“mice（老鼠）”，那“例子包括老鼠”也不合逻辑。

C. 宾语的核心是“brain（大脑）”，语意有误同A。

D. when placed是伴随状语，其逻辑主语与主句主语一致，代入后为：when examples are placed in environment.（例子被放入环境中），语意有误。逻辑上被放到刺激性环境中的应该是“老鼠”。

E. 正确。

16.

For the best extraction of the flavor of saffron threads, it should be soaked in liquid after being pounded with a mortar and pestle.

(A) For the best extraction of the flavor of saffron threads, it should be soaked in liquid after being pounded

(B) To best extract their flavor, saffron threads should be soaked in liquid after pounding

(C) The best way to extract the flavor from saffron threads is soaking them in liquid after being pounded

(D) The best way to extract the flavor from saffron threads is to soak them in liquid after pounding them

(E) The flavor of saffron threads can best be extracted by soaking it in liquid after pounding it

解析：

A． it没有合理的指代对象。逻辑上，被soak的对象应该是saffron threads，但它是复数形式。

B． after pounding是伴随状语，其逻辑主语与主句主语一致。但saffron threads（藏红花丝）不能主动发出pound这个动作，它只能是“被”pound的对象。

C． after being pounded是伴随状语，修饰soak这个动作。但前面的soak是主动形式，后面的pound是被动形式。逻辑上，二者的主语应该一致，所以二者的语态应该一致才可以。

D． 正确。soak和pound都是主动语态。

E． it没有合理的指代对象。

17.

Added to the increase in hourly wages requested last July, the railroad employees are now seeking an expanded program of retirement benefits.

(A) Added to the increase in hourly wages requested last July, the railroad employees are now seeking an expanded program of retirement benefits.

(B) Added to the increase in hourly wages which had been requested last July, the employees of the railroad are now seeking an expanded program of retirement benefits.

(C) The railroad employees are now seeking an expanded program of retirement benefits added to the increase in hourly wages that were requested last July.

(D) In addition to the increase in hourly wages that were requested last July, the railroad employees are now seeking an expanded program of retirement benefits.

(E) In addition to the increase in hourly wages requested last July, the employees of the railroad are now seeking an expanded program of retirement benefits.

解析：

A． Added to the increase是伴随状语，其逻辑主语与主句主语一致。代入：employees are added to the increase. 意为“员工被加到了工资的增加上”，很明显语意不通。

B． employees做added的逻辑主语，语意有误同A。

C． added是program的定语，此时“被加到工资的增加上”成了program的一个特点，但二者是两个独立的东西，不可能是修饰关系。比如，我们只能说“in addition to a pen, I bought a book（除了笔，我还买了本书）”但不能说“I bought a book added to a pen（我买了一本“被加到笔上”的书）”。

另外，that were requested是定语从句修饰wages，但逻辑上去年七月被要求的是工资的“增加”，不可能去年七月才要求“工资”，所以谓语应该用单数才对。

D． that定语从句修饰wages，修饰有误同C。

E． 正确。requested跳跃修饰increase。

18.

The prime lending rate is a key rate in the economy: not only are the interest rates on most loans to small and medium-sized businesses tied to the prime, but also on a growing number of consumer loans, including home equity loans.

(A) not only are the interest rates on most loans to small and medium-sized businesses tied to the prime, but also on

(B) tied to the prime are the interest rates not only on most loans to small and medium-sized businesses, but also on

(C) the interest rates not only on most loans to small and medium-sized businesses are tied to the prime, but also

(D) not only the interest rates on most loans to small and medium-sized businesses are tied to the prime, but also on

(E) the interest rates are tied to the prime, not only on most loans to small  and medium-sized businesses, but also

解析：

A． not only...but also...是平行触发语。not only身后跟了完整句，那but also身后也必须是完整句才可以。

B． 正确。

C． not only后面是on + 名词，but also后面也需要是on + 名词。

D． not only身后跟了完整句，那but also身后也必须是完整句才可以。

E． not only后面是on + 名词，but also后面也需要是on + 名词。

19.

Stock levels for domestic crude oil are far lower than in past years, leaving domestic oil prices vulnerable to any hints of oil supplies being disrupted in the Middle East or to any unexpected consumer demand growth possibly prompted by colder-than-normal temperatures.

(A) leaving domestic oil prices vulnerable to any hints of oil supplies being disrupted in the Middle East or to any unexpected consumer demand growth possibly

(B) leaving domestic oil prices vulnerable to any hints of oil supply disruptions in the Middle East or any unexpected growth in consumer demand that might be

(C) leaving domestic oil prices vulnerable to any hints of oil supplies that are disrupted in the Middle East or to any unexpected growth in consumer demand as was possibly

(D) resulting in the fact that domestic oil prices are vulnerable to any hints of oil supplies being disrupted in the Middle East or to any unexpected consumer demand growth possibly

(E) resulting in the fact of domestic oil prices that are vulnerable to any hints of oil supply disruptions in the Middle East or to any unexpected growth in consumer demand that might be

解析：

A． hint身后定语的核心词是oil supplies，being disrupted是修饰oil supplies的定语。此时，油价脆弱的对象是“油供给的提示”，但逻辑上，油价应该对“油供给中断的提示”脆弱。

B． 正确。hint身后的定语核心词是“disruptions（中断）”。

C． hint身后的定语核心词是oil supplies，语意有误同A。

D． resulting in是伴随状语，其逻辑主语与主句主语一致。代入：stock levels result in the fact（存货导致了一个事实），语意有误。

E． stock level发出result in the fact这个动作，语意有误同D。

20.

Lacking information about energy use, people tend to overestimate the amount of energy used by equipment, such as lights, that are visible and must be turned on and off and underestimate that used by unobtrusive equipment, such as water heaters.

(A)  equipment, such as lights, that are visible and must be turned on and off and underestimate that

(B) equipment, such as lights, that are visible and must be turned on and off and underestimate it when

(C) equipment, such as lights, that is visible and must be turned on and off and underestimate it when

(D) visible equipment, such as lights, that must be turned on and off and underestimate that

(E) visible equipment, such as lights, that must be turned on and off and underestimate it when

解析：

A． that引导定语从句，修饰equipment（such as lights是插入语，可拿掉不看），定语从句中的谓语是are，主谓不一致。

B． “equipment are visible”主谓不一致，错误同A。

C． it是同物指代，指前面出现过的“the amount of energy used by equipment that is visible and must be turned on and off”但这个已经是被高估的对象，不能再被低估。

D． 正确。that是不同物指代，指代前面的“the amount of energy”，身后的“used by unobtrusive equipment”是that的定语。

注，it/they都是同物指代，指代前面出现过的名词以及这个名词所有的定语。如，前面出现的是red flower(s)，那么it/they就指红色的花。如果换成that/those，就可以只指“花”，而不带前面出现过的名词的定语。

E． it指代有误同C。