逆用蕴含关系 (阅读至P35）

Logical Gap：事件A蕴含事件B，而事件C和事件B有相似点，则推理出事件A蕴含事件C

例如，A“今年雨水多，过多的降水对农作物生长有不利影响”，推理出“今年农民收入下降”，但是雨水多只能推理出农作物收成差，产量低，但是结论则直接跳跃到了“农民收入下降”。

事件/目标削弱方向：

1.      结论蕴含不蕴含前提，找logic gap

2.      结论蕴含前提，则有可能a.结论同时也蕴含了其他事件（比如有副作用，也就是说B不仅会导致A还会导致C），目标：“我需要补充蛋白质”，方案“我应该每天都喝牛奶”，削弱“我乳糖不耐受喝牛奶会拉肚子”b.有和结论无关的其他事件蕴含前提（比如有它因，也就是说不仅B会导致A，C也会导致A）前提：“森林中兔子数量锐减” 结论：“兔子的天敌狼的数量增加” 削弱：“兔子毛需求增加，猎人对兔子捕杀增多”

Studies have shown that people are swayed more by communications they believe are not intended to persuade than by those they believe are. Many politicians use this to their

advantage by giving the impression of impromptu speech, when in fact their rhetoric is

carefully scripted. Politicians who are skilled at giving this impression are thus able to

convince many otherwise resistant listeners to adopt their point of view.

这里的gap在于“impromptu speech”和“communications people believe are not intended to persuade them”,人们是否相信即兴演讲就不是为了劝说他们