解题步骤

分类：

首先检查结论事件是否蕴含前提事件（前提是否为结论的必要条件），如不蕴含，则Logical gap即为答案。

如果蕴含，则答案选项有两种可能：

1、指出结论蕴含的其他事件没有出现：

例子：

前提事件：There are several winemakers producing wine to which no sulfites are added

结论事件：Those who would like to drink wine but are allergic to sulfites can drink these wines

without risking an allergic reaction to sulfites

提问Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the conclusion above?

(A) Sulfites occur naturally in most wine.

(B) The sulfites that can produce an allergic reaction are also commonly found in beverages other

than wine.

(C) Wines without added sulfites tend to be at least moderately expensive.

(D) Apart from sulfites, there are other substances commonly present in wine that can trigger

allergic reactions.

(E) Wine without added sulfites sometimes becomes undrinkable even before the wine is sold to

consumers.

疑问：对于A的解释，书中“本选项指出了另一个结论蕴含的事件不存在，保留”

其实没有完全明白“另一个结论蕴含的事件”指的是什么？如果是“亚硝酸盐在大部分酒中是存在的这个”，这个为什么就成了结论蕴含的事件不存在？还请老师解答。

这题我自己做也做对了，但是我的理由是：亚硝酸盐既然在大部分酒中是存在的，即使喝没有单独添加亚硝酸盐的酒，依然会过敏。

2、指出前提前提也能被和结论无关的另一个事件蕴含。

前提事件：Last year, one candidate produced a half-hour-long advertisement. At the beginning of

the half-hour slot a substantial portion of the viewing public had tuned in to that station.

结论事件Clearly, then, many more people are interested in lengthy televised political messages

than was previously thought.

提问：Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

(A) The candidate who produced the half-hour-long advertisement did not win elec-tion at the polls.

(B) The half-hour-long advertisement was watched by other candidates before it was broadcast.

(C) The half-hour-long advertisement was aired during a time slot normally taken by one of the

most popular prime-time shows.

(D) Most short political advertisements are aired during a wide range of programs in order to reach

a broad spectrum of viewers.

(E) In general a regular-length television program that features debate about cur-rent political

issues depends for its appeal on the personal qualities of the pro-gram’s moderator.

本例子的疑问：

C并不是能够蕴含前提事件的一个结论，而是同前提并列的一个前提。我选C的原因是，C其实造成了人们以为长广告会有好的收视率的一个错觉，所以削弱的前提事件。只是觉得例子和解题思路，我没有完全对上，还希望老师能够解答。