Day3：一个很好的关于蕴含的例子

P40

A study followed a group of teenagers who had never smoked and tracked whether they took up smoking and how their mental health changed. After one year, the incidence of depression among those who had taken up smoking was four times as high as it was among those who had not. Since nicotine in cigarettes changes brain chemistry, perhaps thereby affecting mood, it is likely that smoking contributes to depression in teenagers.

Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?

(A) Participants who were depressed at the start of the study were no more likely to be smokers after one year than those who were not depressed.

(B) The study did not distinguish between participants who smoked only occasionally and those who were heavy smokers.

(C) Few, if any, of the participants in the study were friends or relatives of other participants.

(D) Some participants entered and emerged from a period of depression within the year of the study.

(E) The researchers did not track use of alcohol by the teenagers

前提：抽烟的青少年患抑郁的概率是不抽烟的四倍

结论：抽烟导致抑郁

思考方向：

结论蕴含前提，加强有两个方向：

1、存在结论蕴含的其他事件

2、不存在其他事件（非结论）也能蕴含前提事件的情况

A选项指出了一个“能蕴含前提事件的情况”不存在，即不是“抑郁导致抽烟”。正确。