The newly freed workers, seeking to become self-employed tenant farmers rather than wage laborers, made direct arrangements with merchants for supplies.

Lien laws, the centerpiece of a system designed to create a dependent labor force, became the means for workers, with alternative means of supply advances, to escape that dependence.

我想知道and that they的那个that指代的是啥？

Because the "OH! NO!" system continually pushed the production process to the verge of breakdown in an effort to find the minimum resource requirement, critics described it as "management by stress."

Rather than being proactive, Japanese workers were forced to be reactive, the range of their responsibilities being far wider than their span of control:
紧跟着出现的Oh No系统就是为了说明这句话：工人的责任范围远超过他们可以控制的->继而说明What these claims failed to recognize was that the actual delegation of authority was to the foreman, not the workers
错选D：例子的作用需要结合主旨一起看

In the United States, the potential for such company unionism grew after 1979, but it had difficulty taking hold in the auto industry, where a single union represented workers from all companies, particularly since federal law prohibited foremen from joining or leading industrial unions.
美国和日本情况的2点不同：1）一个工会代表了所有公司的工人；2）法律禁止工头加入或者领导工会

错选D：纠正一个关于工头在日本工会中角色的误解。文章想要说的是日本模型在旧观点中时权力分散的例子，但实际不然。因此想要纠正的是关于一个Japanese model的误解

topic sentence:The Japanese model was often invoked as one in which authority decentralized to the shop floor empowered production workers to make key decisions. What these claims failed to recognize was that the actual delegation of authority was to the foreman, not the workers.日本的模型被认为是权力分散，赋予工人权力做决定。这些声明没有意识的是权力的真正代表是工头，不是工人们

Mark！

describes the content of the passage= what is the main idea of the passage

Most existing maps of Native American lands are reconstructions that are based largely on archaeology, oral reports, and evidence gathered from observers' accounts in letters, diaries, and official reports
choice d, 原文只交代了这些文档的准确性取决于制图者的理解能力，没有比较口头和书面两种题材谁的准确性更高

直接细节题：Thus our current cartographic record relating to Native American tribes and their migrations and cultural features, as well as territoriality and contemporary trust lands, reflects the origins of the data, the mixed purposes for which the maps have been prepared, and changes both in United States government policy and in non-Native Americans' attitudes toward an understanding of Native Americans.

inference:But clinging to this ideology also prevented these women from even attempting to gain true political power because it implied a moral purity that precluded participation in the messy world of partisan politics.
但是紧依附这个ideology阻住女性获得真实的政治权利-> 女性想要获取权力只有放弃ideology

主旨题：female benevolence empowered women in the realm of social activism, but kept them away from political powers

choice e比较迷惑,定位Moreover, in the face of legal limitations on their right to control money and property, women had to find ingenious legal ways to run and finance organized philanthropy
P1的逻辑是 femininity with morality+moral superiority --> domesticity家庭生活
然而根据后面的内容，不管是女性在 public sphere取得了哪些成绩，还是受到了限制。在这些现象后面起作用的并不是domesticity n.家庭生活，而是benevolence n.慈爱

唯有choice c,But clinging to this ideology also prevented these women from even attempting to gain true political power

问题是关于女性慈爱的ideology和从事哪一种情活动的女性不吻合
choice a, women had to find ingenious legal ways to run and finance organized philanthropy
choice b, fundamental to the cult of female domesticity
choice d, involved chartering societies, raising money, and paying salaries
choice e, empowered women in the realm of social activism

题目是问你P(A+B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(AB)

1. P(AB)=0是不充分的.因为如果同时发生的概率为0那么说明白球上都不是偶数,但是不代表不是偶数的都是白球.所以不充分

所以锁定选项B/C/E

2. 白球的概率-偶数概率为0.2,P(A) - P(B) = 0.2 .无法解出 P(A) + P(B)

所以两个加起来也不充分

读懂题。不是一共花了9100，是有9100可以花，就是可以实际的比这个少。。。汗。

此题不用标准差的计算公式。