老师您好，请问主句中to report是began的宾语吗？那么on the private lives of persons …又是做什么成分呀？谢谢老师！

the heat occurs more rapidly vs the transfer of the heat between

定语-修饰名词
为了简便，会把不同的定语一起叠加–因为定语必须放在名词后面，那么若有多个定语–必须要根据句子意思来判断修饰的到底是哪个名词。–防止了我们错误的判别那个被定语修饰了的名词。这样才不顾混淆真正的句子成分

壮语–描述动作

只要有","隔开，壮语放在句首，中，末都可以

C选项感觉从平行结构理解会更好些，being replaced和improvements不对称，歧义没太看出来。。。

B组两者的共性可能与A组相同/形成对比，不能只从A/B组的不同中寻找

有个重点词没看懂....extant现存的*看懂了就知道C其实超纲了

讨论范围extant medieval manuscripts。L是其中之一。L中，分两类：10篇L有其他手稿也有*特征this group includes some of Euripides' best-known works,代表作the Medea：；8篇L独有*特征appear in alphabetical order, without commentary. 代表作The Electra。

The principal feature of the redesigned checks is a series of printed instructions that the company hopes will help merchants confirm a check' s authenticity,_____the watermark while holding the check to the light.
E选项：including reminders to watch the endorsement, compare signatures, and view
本题的主要难度在于句子较为难懂。这句话的意思是：
重新设计的支票的主要特征是一系列的印刷说明。这些说明是公司希望帮助客人去确定支票的真实性的，说明的内容包括提示顾客们去看一下协议，对比一下签名还有检查一下水印。
include的逻辑主语是印刷的说明（instructions）：including作介词可以【跳跃指代！】，这里指代a series of printed instructions（不是“, including...”的逻辑主语一定是句子主语principal feature），这里[, including]用法没错
（请注意，这种“跳跃修饰”的情况在GMAT考试中十分常见，千万不能认为定语从句一定修饰最近的名词，不然很可能把答案选项排除掉，例如：http://bichu.com.cn/question/OG%20Diagnostic%20Test-SC-98的答案选项A中的定语从句that will protect copyright holders）。

mastitis大多数情况下由SA引起，抗生素对SA没有用。现在一种类似的细菌SS可以快速通过替换掉SA的方式来消除影响，然而SS不太会被当成mastis的治疗方法。因为___
A选项：certain dangerous bacteria that normally cannot take hold（抓住，固定） can do so in the presence of S. simulans某些危险的细菌在正常情况下无法站稳，但在模拟链球菌存在的情况下却能做到
某种平时不能take hold的危险的菌在Ss出现的情况下可以take hold了——意思是说，虽然Ss能够消除infection，但同时又引来某种dangerous bacteria，可能得不偿失，所以不用Ss--- 摘自CD。correct，方案的副作用

定位：Moreover, the Puerto Rican twig species closely resembles the twig species of Cuba, Hispaniola, and Jamaica in morphology（形态） habitat use, and behavior.
这里是说这些区域的twig species 有着相似的resembles in morphology, habitat use, and behavior.
最后一段说他们DNA检测是not closely related
即：similar：morphology, habitat use, and behavior；difference：DNA sequences（genetically）

文章结构：提出现象和问题(在四个岛上三种lizard都有)--提出两种解释--两种解释引申出的结果--通过实验验证是否存在『引申出的结果』从而解决了问题。
B选项：[account for] a particular type of behavior found among anole lizard species [解释]一种特别的行为 ×
没有解释一种特别的行为，而是解释为什么四个岛上三种lizard都有，并实验验证
D选项：explain how researchers resolved a particular scientific question concerning anole lizard species 正确

In fact its impact on wages will probably be negligible（adj. 可以忽略的）, since only a 【very small proportion】 of all Kirfandic workers are currently receiving less than KD5.50 per hour.
Kirlandia的最低工资即将从时薪5KD涨到时薪5.5KD，反对者认为会带来通货膨胀。但实际上目前工资在5.5KD以下的工人很少，调整最低工资带来的影响可以忽略不计。问weaken：
B选项：Some firms in Kirlandia have paid workers considerably less than KD5.00 per hour, in violation of kirlandic employment regulations.
提高最低工资，这些firms也可能继续违反规定，无法削弱
C选项：Many businesses hire trainees at or near the minimum wage but must reward trained workers by keeping their paylevels above the pay level of trainees.
很多trainee的工资是在最低工资附近的，但是trained workers的工资是要高于trainee的，所以一旦trainee的工资涨了，那trained worker的工资肯定也要涨，所以很多工人的工资都要涨。
题干说的是 only a very small proportion会有影响，显然C选项表明会有很多工人受到影响，有效weaken [a small proportion]
思路总结：看到only a very small proportion，问削弱，CQ方向可能是不止a small proportion会受影响，而是会影响large proportion

More than fifty years after the Second World War, a number of African American soldiers were awarded ― some of them posthumously ―___________
B选项：with the Congressional Medal of Honor, the nation's highest military award for long-overdue
①本选项的第一个词with也应该去掉，因为award是一个双及物动词，应该直接加两个宾语（soldiers和the Congressional Medal of Honor），即，award A B（这的award用了被动语态，即，A be awarded B）。
②逻辑错误：将for long overdue in recognition of their outstanding bravery不加逗号地直接放在the nation’s highest military award身后，则其看起来是介词短语就近修饰名词award，整个部分皆作the Congressional Medal of Honor的同位语（即，the nation’s highest military award for long-overdue recognition of their outstanding bravery是the Congressional Medal of Honor的同位语），这是不符合逻辑的，同位语表示解释说明，若这么表达，则其表示the Congressional Medal of Honor是专门为表彰这些士兵的勇敢而设立的最高军事奖。在逻辑上，应该是士兵们被授予这个奖，目的是为了表彰他们的勇敢
E选项：the Congressional Medal of Honor, the nation's highest military award, in long-overdue
本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的。the nation’s highest military award被两个逗号隔开，单独作the Congressional Medal of Honor的同位语，in long overdue in recognition of their outstanding bravery是award这个动作的状语。
（in recognition of 固定搭配, long-overdue修饰recognition）

C选项：【Museum collections】 typically do not contain items that are more likely to be vulnerable to fluctuations in temperature and humidity than Renaissance oil paintings.
注意题目说的是museums could relax their standards and save money without endangering their 【Renaissance oil paintings】.
Museum collections扩大了主体范围，而题目关心的只是Renaissance oil paintings.

D选项：None of the materials in Renaissance oil paintings other than the paint are vulnerable enough to relatively wide fluctuations in temperature and humidity to cause damage to the paintings.
（paint除了画画的动词含义外还有油漆颜料的名词含义，这里是指后者，而paiting是指一整幅画。）
题目里已经说了recent research shows that even old oil paint is unaffected by wide fluctuations in temperature and humidity. Therefore, museums could relax......
取非则会削弱，即使paint不受影响，如果其他materials受影响还是会破坏paintings！

原来的20%-->不该手术的(unnecessary)都去手术了
而新方法的2%-->100个中仅2个误诊-->所以可以largely减少unnecessary的，同时不会减少necessary的
意思就是这减少的18%中全都是减少unnecessary的，而不会影响necessary的
而B的意思是，误诊的2%全都是把没病当作有病，那么这个仍然是属于”不该手术的(unnecessary)都去手术了“，说明没有影响到”该做手术的却没做“这个范围里，也就是不会减少necessary的

感觉这道题主要是对doctors can largely avoid unnecessary removals of the appendix without, however, performing any fewer 【necessary】 "ones" than before的理解
这里的ones指代的是前面的surgery，就是说该切的都切了，切错的也是没得阑尾炎的，也就是大大避免了误切事件。
如果有一个是有阑尾炎但是被诊断为没问题，那就是少切了，那就是跟without performing any fewer necessary ones相违背的，所以被误诊的必须是把没问题的看出了有问题的，选B: the misdiagnoses produced by this test are always instances of attributing appendicitis to someone who does not, [in fact], have it
（这个句子中的“in fact”是状语插入语修饰does not have it）

From Ron:
two problems with (d).
1. the meaning of the sentence is that the number of trucks in 1929 was almost twice 469,000.
choice (b) conveys this idea accurately, with the phrase "twice that number". see, "that number" must refer to an actual number cited in the sentence, and there is only one such number. mission accomplished.
choice (d) DOES NOT convey this idea. that choice says "twice AS MANY trucks", which means "twice as many trucks as were produced in 1914".
the problem is that the sentence doesn't tell us how many trucks were produced in 1914 - the only figure given is a combined figure for cars and trucks - so this statement doesn't make any sense in context.
not to mention, the intended meaning (from the original flawed sentence) is clearly that of (b).
2. "trucks themselves" doesn't make sense.
you don't use "x itself" unless you are trying to emphasize some element of the inherent nature of x (as opposed to something associated with x, or with some part of x).
example: pet accessories are becoming more and more popular, even though pets themselves have maintained constant popularity.
i.e., we want to emphasize that the second part of the sentence deals with pets themselves (as opposed to associated things such as pet accessories).
"trucks alone", though, makes perfect sense.

The authority plans to finance these improvements over the course of five years by raising automobile tolls on the two highway bridges along the route the rail line serves. raise tolls 不是add tolls。 流失掉百分之20本来的tolls可能比raise tolls的金额更多

请问老师，正确选项中some 11000 of them为什么是同位语呢，这句话应该怎么理解呢

读题读清楚，问的是哪个区间段包含了73人的中位数

逗号后面形容词作状语，就近修饰produce energy这个动作
to produce energy on a commercial scale, enough for generating electricity efficiently and for heating

要记得把题目的双重否定转成肯定来答