D is definitely not the correct choice.

"not as hard as" needs to be followed by a noun, not an action; the usage of that phrase in D is incorrect.

For example, we could say:

Bob's head is not as hard as Fred's;

but we can't say:

Bob's head is not as hard as to make Fred's would be.

考点：并列，带入D&E 去考察and连接的部分
D:to determine when it becomes destructive and the mental problems
E:to determine when it becomes destructive and which kinds of mental problems it can signal

Mark:
a trunk and a crown that spread - spread 是复数，所以指前面两个
a trunk and a crown spreading - A & B spreading 是定语在修饰B
with trunk and with a crown that spreads - spreads是单数，仅在修饰B
魔鬼在细节

“可以被追溯到什么年份”和“可以解释什么特点”是一件事两个不同方面的属性，应该用合句来表示两者并列，而不能用伴随状语。伴随状语表达的是主从关系，即，两个事件之间有因果或者强弱的关系。

C错哪了？

mark,
B，逗号+being作为伴随状语 与谓语was said在逻辑上——不应该——有修饰关系。for European是介词短语作定语，那么就是为了探索提供evidence。而A中同位语，that在句中不做任何成份。

另外介词短语是即可以作定语又可以做状语的，介词短语本身没有任何不同，只是修饰的词不同，所以做的成分不同。

mark:
D倒装又省略：were his short stories= AC is far better known for his plays than his short stories were (known for his plays)

注意本句题干里面new models in North America that are less expensive....定语从句的跳跃性修饰是可以存在的。需要用好几个成份去修饰同一个名词的时候，定语从句的跳跃就不可避免。

介词短语可以被称为介宾短语 - 介词可被理解为动词，名词充当宾语的成份。所以on account of(介词)+living at（名词短语)是一种表达方式，但是因为living本身缺乏主语，不知道谁live at。。。所以错。改正方法是添加所有格。本题crab就是on account of its living at...

C选项 to develop和哪部分平行有歧义

名词性从句 指 主语从句 宾语从句 这类可以被名词充当的成份。

architects and stonemasons是建筑师和泥瓦匠，不是建筑和石头房子，Maya的同位语！

B中so, 似乎前后是原因/结果的关系，但是原文是2个facts

找到了排除B的原因
Generally:
that + SINGULAR VERB should refer to the nearest preceding SINGULAR noun.
that + PLURAL VERB should refer to the nearest preceding PLURAL noun.
A: progress that has decimated native peoples
B: progress by which native peoples...have been decimated
Here, both that and which seem to refer to progress.

mark, 不要判断时态ABC在时态上没有错误，可以说 Visitors have often looked up...and saw....平行的时候不需要连词前后的时态必须一致。
C比AB好的原因是AB后面跟的定语从句，应该是描述名词本质的特征。但是C是状语从句，描述动作的，所以C比较好。

mark
C从语法上没有错误。定语in many people修饰disinclination, 定语to recognize that 修饰people.
E willing to admit, 伴随状语 - 逗号+Ing必为伴随。

官方模考做到此题 错选B 不过B选项跟这里不一样 devastation and enslavement in the name of progress by which native peoples of the Western Hemisphere （have been） decimated 是被动的 所以不确定排除B的原因
同时怀疑E选项 the devastation and enslavement 为什么只有一个the 我理解两个名词应该都加the或者都不加

mark, B中rather than作为一个比较连词，前后应平行，没有看到前面的不定式部分。
E instead of 作为介词+名词 its continuing肯定在句中做状语，描述/限制动词increase

so (adjective) as to (verb) 是对的 不存在 as (adjective) as to (verb) 常见的 as..as 是比较 后面一般跟名词

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