该段总的观点是银行对国家重要：A growing number of historians argue, in contrast, that banks were crucial in transforming the early national economy.（但针对的是1790S-1800S这个时期），文中unlike earliest banks其实是举了反例，说明这个时期earliest banks只能让很少一部分行业的经济受惠！
Such ideas led to the development of the specialized discipline of chemical ecology, which is concerned with the role of plant chemicals in interactions with other organisms and with the evolution and ecology of plant antiherbivore chemistry (plants' chemical defenses against attack by herbivores such as insects).
"has descended" means "has moved downward". this can be in either a literal sense (he has descended to sea level from a height of 8000 feet) or a metaphorical sense (i don't want to descend to the level of common street thugs), but it can't refer to ancestry.
if you mean to discuss ancestry, which is clearly the case here, then you must use "is descended".
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but also 没搭配的not only ---排除DE主语应该是scientists an historians，不是an attempt---排除CE
AB的区别
A:scientists an historians,插入语in their attempt，are hoping
谓语是hope---主要动作 状语---在他们的尝试里 不合逻辑；且attempt，明显做动词，而不是这里的名词
B：scientists an historians are attempting to do， hoping
谓语：尝试 伴随状语：希望 符合逻辑