New data from United States Forest Service ecologists show that for every dollar spent on controlled small scale burning, forest thinning, and the training of fire management personnel, it saves seven dollars that would not be spent on having to extinguish big fires.


that for every dollar spent on controlled small-scale burning, forest thinning, and the training of fire-management personnel, it saves seven dollars that would not be spent on having to extinguish

that for every dollar spent on controlled small scale burning, forest thinning, and the training of fire-management personnel, seven dollars are saved that would have been spent on extinguishing

that for every dollar spent on controlled small scale burning, forest thinning, and the training of fire-management personnel saves seven dollars on not having to extinguish

for every dollar spent on controlled small-scale burning, forest thinning, and the training of fire management personnel, that it saves seven dollars on not having to extinguish

for every dollar spent on controlled small-scale burning, forest thinning, and the training of fire management personnel, that seven dollars are saved that would not have been spent on extinguishing

考题讲解

题目分析:
本题是一个长难句。我们先翻译一下它的逻辑意思:
来自USFS 生态学者的新的数据显示:在控制小规模燃烧、森林抚育间伐和训练消防人员上花费一美元,就会节省可能会花在扑灭森林大火上的七美元。
在整个句子中,for every dollar spent on controlled small-scale burning, forest thinning, and the training of fire-management personnel是介词短语,做状语,需要就近修饰一个句子。

选项分析:

A选项:划线部分的代词it在逻辑上比较合理的指代对象是every dollar,但是如果it指代every dollar的话,划线部分的主句可以写为:
every dollar saves seven dollars. 
这在逻辑上是不合理的,不能说“每一美元”节省七美元。
另外,划线部分最后的定语从句中的that would not be spent on having to extinguish big fires中的not需要去掉,否则意思就变成了:
就会节省可能“不”会花在扑灭森林大火上的七美元。

B选项:Correct. 本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的。that would have been spent on extinguishing big fires是定语从句,由于自身太长,倒装到了主干部分的身后,还原则有:
seven dollars that would have been spent on extinguishing big fires are saved.

C选项:save的主语有误,主语必须由名词或名词性成分组成,for every dollar是一个介词短语,不能充当名词性成分。

D选项:
状语for every dollar spent on controlled small-scale burning, forest thinning, and the training of fire-management personnel在语法上需要就近修饰。这个介词短语在本选项中最近的句子是New data from United States Forest Service ecologists show,这是不正确的,其应该修饰seven dollars are saved。
另外,代词it错误同(A)。

E选项:
for every dollar的修饰错误同(D);would not be spent错误同(A)。

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