Political advocacy groups have begun to use information services to disseminate information that is then accessed by the public via personal computer. Since many groups are thus able to bypass traditional news sources, whose reporting is selective, and to present their political views directly to the public, information services present a more balanced picture of the complexities of political issues than any traditional news source presents.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument above depends?
Information services are accessible to enough people to ensure that political advocacy groups can use these services to reach as large a percentage of the public as they could through traditional news sources.
People could get a thorough understanding of a particular political issue by sorting through information provided by several traditional news sources, each with differing editorial biases.
Information on political issues disseminated through information services does not come almost entirely from advocacy groups that share a single bias.
Traditional news sources seldom report the views of political advocacy groups accurately.
Most people who get information on political issues from newspapers and other traditional news sources can readily identify the editorial biases of those sources.
情景:政治宣传组开始用information services去扩散消息。因为很多政治宣传组因此有能力利用information services来跳过传统的发布信息渠道(这些渠道是选择性的发布信息的)以直接发布信息给公众,所以information services比任何的传统发布信息的渠道都能展现一个更加平衡的政治观点平台。
推理:
前提:很多政治宣传组因此有能力利用information services来跳过传统的发布信息渠道(这些渠道是选择性的发布信息的)以直接发布信息给公众
结论:information services比任何的传统发布信息的渠道都能展现一个更加平衡的政治观点平台
选题方式:因果推理只有一个评估方向,简而言之,即(由于本题问的是假设,所以答案选项需在“取非”后满足),反驳推理文段中的结论。答案选项需要反驳推理文段中的结论。
选项分析:
A选项:information services可以被足够多的公众接触到以至于政治辩护群体可以用information services来接触到和传统媒介一样多的公众群体。无论information services可以被多少人查看,这都不影响information services本身是否是平衡的平台这一性质。
B选项:人们可以通过浏览不同传统新闻媒介提供的信息来对一个特定的政治事件有一个彻底的了解。本选项描述的是人们要如何才能依靠传统新闻媒介来彻底了解各方观点,并没有提及information services的问题。
C选项:Correct. information services上的信息不是完全来自单一的政治群体的。如果information services虽然对所有人开放,但是只有某些单一的政治群体向上发布信息,那么information services就依然不会是一个平衡的平台,因此反驳了结论。本选项可以加强这个推理。
D选项:传统的新闻媒介很少能准确的表达政治群体的观点。本选项描述了传统新闻媒介的一个弱点,并不能反驳information services的任何信息。
E选项:大部分从报纸或者其它传统新闻媒介上获取政治观点的人都能识别出这些信息源的政治偏见。公众能否识别传统信息源中的政治偏见并不会影响information services上信息观点是否平衡,所以本选项不能评估整个推理。
比较的方向是“balanced picture of the complexities of political issues ”,和人数没关系。
C:information service观点更balance
题目重点是a more balanced picture
C项,information service基本不会只share biased info。if info service只share biased info呢?那就不是一个morebalanced picture了
C选项非常符合目前的时事
政治宣传组开始利用信息系统来散播消息,这些消息随后被公众用私人电脑接受。
因为这么做可以跳过报道有选择性的传统媒体,所以使用信息系统呈现给大众一个比起传统媒体的报道更为平衡和复杂的政治事件。assume?
找到一个选项可以解释为什么information system bypass traditional media -> information system is more balanced
choice a , information system可以像 traditional media一样接触到同样百分比的人群。 irrelevant,传达的信息本质无关接受观众数量
choice b, 人们可以通过排列传统媒体提供的信息,这些信息都有偏见,来理解政治事件。 rrelevant,讲述人们如何通过traditional media获取信息,无关information system
choice c, information services上的信息不是完全来自单一的政治群体的。correct, 取非即信息服务的消息来源都是单一的,削弱结论
C取非,通过信息服务传播的政治问题信息完全来自共享一个偏见的各种团体。
这会破坏结论因为都是一个偏见,所以会使信息服务提供的信息不平衡。