Researchers have found that when very overweight people, who tend to have relatively low metabolic rates, lose weight primarily through dieting, their metabolisms generally remain unchanged. They will thus burn significantly fewer calories at the new weight than do people whose weight is normally at that level. Such newly thin persons will, therefore, ultimately regain weight until their body size again matches their metabolic rate.
The conclusion of the argument above depends on which of the following assumptions?
Relatively few very overweight people who have dieted down to a new weight tend to continue to consume substantially fewer calories than do people whose normal weight is at that level.
The metabolisms of people who are usually not overweight are much more able to vary than the metabolisms of people who have been very overweight.
The amount of calories that a person usually burns in a day is determined more by the amount that is consumed that day than by the current weight of the individual.
Researchers have not yet determined whether the metabolic rates of formerly very overweight individuals can be accelerated by means of chemical agents.
Because of the constancy of their metabolic rates, people who are at their usual weight normally have as much difficulty gaining weight as they do losing it.
consume这里是指摄入,而不是消耗。。
comsume……吃……不等于burn……
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p:胖子新陈代谢率低,如果他们通过节食减肥,那么他们的新陈代谢水平保持不变;因此他们比同等体重的正常人燃烧更少的卡路里
c:瘦下来的胖子最终会胖回去,直到他们的体型和新陈代谢率相匹配
这个逻辑看了半天,比正常人燃烧更少的卡路里,和胖回去有什么必然联系吗?不一定,所以要找选项可以补全这个Gap的,显然选A
正确答案写这么绕口真的就是盼你错 编题目的人应该不再活着了吧
正题:
新陈代谢低的胖子们一般通过节食减肥,减肥后新陈代谢率还是没变。
胖子们瘦下来后跟同样瘦的人相比,消耗的卡路里少蛮多。
瘦下来的胖子呢,就会胖回去,胖到体型和新陈代谢率相符合为止。
所以文章问的是: 基于什么假设题目可以下这个胖子在没有改变的新陈代谢率情况下就一定会胖回去的结论??
看完题目脑海里应该是简单建立逻辑: 敢这么说肯定是知道胖子消耗更少的卡路里的同时,绝逼没做别的事情让他们体型保持瘦着。
再来看答案:
A
简单分析:整个句子主语Relatively few [very overweight people] who have dieted down to a new weight
谓语 tend to continue to consume
宾语 substantially fe
VERB 吃;喝;饮用
If you consume something, you eat or drink it.
VERB 消耗,耗费(燃料、能源或时间)
To consume an amount of fuel, energy, or time means to use it up.
这个词理解错了......
P:当新陈代谢低的胖子通过节食减肥,这些人的新陈代谢率还是保持不变,因此他们比原本就瘦的人燃烧更低的卡路里-> C:这些新瘦子会逐渐增加体重,直到他们的体重再次和新陈代谢匹配上
assumption:choice a, 很少有减肥成功的新瘦子会继续吃很低的卡路里。correct
assumption题又错了。。
p:胖子新陈代谢率低,如果他们通过节食减肥,那么他们的新陈代谢水平保持不变;因此他们比同等体重的正常人燃烧更少的卡路里
c:瘦下来的胖子最终会胖回去,直到他们的体型和新陈代谢率相匹配
这个逻辑看了半天,比正常人燃烧更少的卡路里,和胖回去有什么必然联系吗?
A Relatively few very overweight people who have dieted down to a new weight tend to continue to consume substantially fewer calories than do people whose normal weight is at that level. 很少有通过节食减肥的胖子会继续摄入比正常人更少的卡路里--》一般通过节食减肥的胖子会比正常人摄入更多的卡路里,那卡路里消耗的少,就会胖回去了。
刚开始把consume calories理解为了消耗卡路里orz
研究者发现胖人往往新陈代谢慢,靠节食减肥,他们的新陈代谢一般不变。因此他们减肥后仍比正常人燃烧更少卡路里。因此这些人最终还会增肥直到体重和新陈代谢率相当。
假设题
(A) 节食减肥后的人中很少人比正常人吃更少卡路里的食物;即多数减肥后的人不会节食,加上燃烧卡路里少,还会胖回去,取反可削弱,正确
(B) 不胖的人比胖人新陈代谢更容易变化;无关比较,排
(C) 谈每天燃烧的卡路里数量更取决于什么;无关比较,排
(D) 研究者不知是否靠化学物质能加速新陈代谢;化学物质,跳出范围,排
(E) 谈正常人如何;跳出讨论范围,排
1楼 | 2015-10-27 09:43:41 回复
D选项在挑战premise
rate已经说了,generally remain unchanged
F:节食的人,新陈代谢low,且unchanged
P:因为他们比正常人burn的卡路里少
C:所以还会变胖
burn和变胖---gap
因为,变胖需要consume-burn的剩余卡路里,所以需要知道他们的consume量
A:few 否定,很少人会在减肥后继续节食 consume继续少
即consume会增多,burn少,所以剩余一定多,变胖
B:rate已经说了low和unchanged,这里vary不vary无关
C:burn量取决于consume量,而不是体重----已经说了节食的胖子burn的少,所以取决于谁无所谓,还是不知道consume的量
D:rate加速,同B 无关
E:正常人,无关,题目是胖子会不会再发胖
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consume calories=摄入卡路里 burn calories=消耗卡路里
E.G. from CNN
Men consume on average 178 calories per day from sugar sweetened beverages and women consume 103 calories per day.
CNN: Is drinking soda really that bad for you?
减肥成功的胖子消耗的卡路里较少 → 减肥成功的胖子最终还是胖回去
减肥的胖子消耗的卡路里比普通正常人消耗的卡路里少。 所以,好不容易瘦下来的胖子最终会胖回去。 这里就有一个gap, 胖子消耗的卡路里小——胖子会又胖回去。 如果胖子每天一如既往吃很少,尽管他消耗的卡路里少,他也会保持减肥后瘦下去的那个体型。 但是,如果他消耗的卡里少,但他看自己瘦了,又恢复了之前的大吃特吃,本来消耗卡路里的能力就弱,再加上又可劲吃,肯定就会胖回去。
对a取非,有人能在减肥后继续摄入少量卡路里。那么仅管他们代谢慢,但由于基数少,所以总量也少,不会反弹。削弱
被这道题绕进去了,没怎么看懂,在herl解答前,从CD论坛上粘一个觉得自己比较信服的解答,in case还有人也错了
(A) 这句话的意思就是很少人减肥成功后会继续节食,就是之前提到的假设换了个写法.
(B) 不超重的人比超重的人新陈代谢容易改变".这个选项并不能告诉我们超重的人减肥成功后,为什么又胖回去了.原文中也没有提到任何关于新陈代谢改变的信息,原文只说不变.
(C) 一个人每天消耗的热量,更取决于当天摄入的热量而不是当下的体重。吃的少消耗就少,那这种关系无法导出减肥反弹不反弹
(D) 研究人员还没有决定是否超重人士的新陈代谢率可以被化学药物加速,和题目没有关系
(E) 因为新陈代谢是不变的,在正常重量的人增重和减肥一样难, 和题目无关
最后两个选项重复