In a study conducted in Canada, servers in various restaurants wrote "Thank you" on randomly selected bills before presenting the bills to their customers. Tips on these bills were an average of three percentage points higher than tips on bills without the message. Therefore, if servers in Canada regularly wrote "Thank you" on restaurant their average income from tips would be significantly higher than it otherwise would have been.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument relies?
The "Thank you" messages would have the same impact on regular patrons of a restaurant as they would on occasional patrons of the same restaurant.
Regularly seeing "Thank you" written on their bills would not lead restaurant patrons to revert to their earlier tipping habits.
The written "Thank you" reminds restaurant patrons that tips constitute a significant part of the income of many food servers.
The rate at which people tip food servers in Canada does not vary with how expensive a restaurant is.
Virtually all patrons of the Canadian restaurants in the study who were given a bill with "Thank you" written on it left a larger tip than they otherwise would have.
assumption是strengthen的一种,选项取反会削弱选项的是答案。
题目观点:因为在随机选定的账单上写thank you,会得到更多的小费,所以如果服务员在账单上经常写thank you,那么他们的平均收入会要比不写thank you的时候要搞很多。
A 在常客和生客身上的效果一样,无关
B 取反后的意思是,在账单上看到thank you看多了以后,顾客给小费的习惯会退回到之前的习惯,就是不给消费了。取反之后会削弱,所以是答案。
C thank you的心理作用,无关。
D 给消费的概率跟餐馆贵不贵无关。题目中没有提到餐厅是什么样子的。
E 几乎所有的常客都给了更多的小费。跟是不是所有的常客没有关系。
P1: In a study conducted in Canada, servers in various restaurants wrote "Thank you" on 【randomly随机 】selected bills before presenting the bills to their customers.
在加拿大进行的一项研究中,多家餐厅的服务员在向顾客出示账单之前,在【随机】选定的账单上写下“谢谢”。
P2: Tips on these bills were an average of three percentage points 【higher】 than tips on bills 【without the message --没有信息→小费少】.
这些账单上的小费比【没有信息】的账单上的小费平均高出三个百分点。
C: Therefore, if servers in Canada regularly wrote "Thank you" on restaurant their average income from tips would be significantly higher than it otherwise would have been.
因此,如果加拿大的服务员经常在餐厅写“谢谢”,他们从小费中获得的平均收入将明显高于其他情况。
问题:assumption
思路1
【Regularly经常】 seeing "Thank you" written on their bills 【would not 否定词】lead restaurant patrons to revert to their 【earlier tipping habits--之前给小费的习惯=小费少】.
【经常】看到账单上写着“谢谢”【不会】导致餐厅顾客恢复他们之前的小费习惯。
在账单上看到thank you看多了以后,顾客给小费的习惯会退回到之前的习惯,少给小费,所以服务员收到的消费就少了。(取反之后,得出的新结论和原文结论相反,所以削弱原结论)
思路2:
类比推理:A, randomy write thank you; B, regularly write thank you.
如果A, B确定是相似的,A的性质(customers tip higher)就能推给B。
所以选项应该strenthen二者相似,即 regularly write thank you 也不会让顾客改变tip habit (就像他们randomly看到thankyou一样)
错选了A,第一个就用negation把B排除了,不仔细
negationB: regular 写thank you会让老主顾回到之前的tipping模式,就是少给,那写thank you的技巧就不能让人一直都得高工资了!!!
cr
a中patron是顾客的意思
“The "Thank you" messages would have the same impact on regular patrons of a restaurant as they would on occasional patrons of the same restaurant.” 看见长得好像对就选了,没有根b对比,其实b才是对的,cr也要考对比选出最佳
服务员在拿着写了感谢的账单以后,收到的小费普遍比没有写字的账单的小费要多。因此只要服务员经常在账单上写感谢就能增加收入。问assume
choice b, 经常看到账单上的谢谢不会让客人改变之前付小费的习惯。correct
AB。。。纠结之后选错了
premise和conclusion的差距在于randomly和regularly 坑
B选项说,看到写着谢谢你不会让顾客回到原来的消费习惯i.e.给正常小费。取非可知,如果顾客回到了原来的小费习惯,那么就不会有3%的小费增长差异,就削弱了结论。(做多了CR题感觉遇到assumption题,看选项,优先看有否定词的选项,直接对所有有否定词的选项进行取非。大部分情况答案都在这些有否定词的选项当中)
题目说:账单上写着谢谢你的人普遍会比不写的多给3%的消费
结论是如果大家都在账单上写谢谢你,那么他们的平均收入就会增长。
问假设。错选D,D说小费费率和餐厅的昂贵与否没有关系,这其实是无关的,因为题目比较的是写着谢谢你的账单比没写的多,这与在哪个餐厅是无关的,即便你在昂贵的餐厅,但是你写了谢谢你还是会多收到消费。
枚举推理:
样本:看见note的部分人会给小费
总体:其他人也会给,regular看见的人也会给
A对比的是经常来的人和不经常来的人看到有一样的作用,很容易错误理解为同一种顾客经常看见和不经常看见的反应
不确定这题是什么推理,我还以为是因果
如果是类比推理的话,类比对象为:A, randomy write thank you; B, regularly write thank you. 如果A, B确定是相似的,A的性质(customers tip higher)就能推给B。 所以选项应该strenthen二者相似,即 regularly write thank you 也不会让顾客改变tip habit (就像他们randomly看到thankyou一样)
说得好好,没看清楚题目是在比较randomly 和 regularly 的比较,我以为是枚举。。。
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为什么不是枚举?
是类比推理,做题的时候判断成相关因果推理了,之前有个类似的题目,说的是账单上有银联标志的得到的消费多。。那是什么推理来着。。
类比