Reviewer: The book Art's Decline argues that European painters today lack skills that were common among European painters of preceding centuries. In this the book must be right, since its analysis of 100 paintings, 50 old and 50 contemporary, demonstrates convincingly that none of the contemporary paintings are executed as skillfully as the older paintings.

Which of the following points to the most serious logical flaw in the reviewer's argument?


The paintings chosen by the book's author for analysis could be those that most support the book's thesis.

There could be criteria other than the technical skill of the artist by which to evaluate a painting.

The title of the book could cause readers to accept the book's thesis even before they read the analysis of the paintings that supports it.

The particular methods currently used by European painters could require less artistic skill than do methods used by painters in other parts of the world.

A reader who was not familiar with the language of art criticism might not be convinced by the book's analysis of the 100 paintings.

考题讲解

情景:评论者说:“艺术的沉沦”这本书的作者认为现在的欧洲画家的技巧不及几个世纪之前的画家。这是因为书中比较了50个当代画作和50个古代画作,而这50个当代作品没有一个可以与古代作品媲美。

推理:本题的结论为第一句话,即,现在的欧洲画家的技巧不及几个世纪之前的画家。由于前提讨论的是现象,结论讨论的是现象产生的原因,因此本题是果因推理
正确的因果顺序为:因为现在的欧洲画家的技巧不及几个世纪之前的画家,所以书中比较了50个当代画作和50个古代画作,而这50个当代作品没有一个可以与古代作品媲美
(果)前提:书中比较了50个当代画作和50个古代画作,而这50个当代作品没有一个可以与古代作品媲美
(因)结论:现在的欧洲画家的技巧不及几个世纪之前的画家

选题方式:果因推理有两个评估方向,简而言之,即,要么给“50个当代作品没有一个可以与古代作品媲美”另一个原因,要么给出因果联系问题。

选项分析:

A选项:Correct. 作者找的作品都是用来支持他观点的。本选项可以解释为什么“50个当代作品没有一个可以与古代作品媲美”,即,是因为作者自己找的都是不好的。属于CQ1:说明结果问题

B选项:除了技术之外,没有其它的评价一副画标准。不论有没有其它的标准来评价一副画,本选项均和推理文段中的因果无关。

C选项:在读对画作的分析之前,书的题目可能就会让读者去接受书的主题了。本选项和分析出的画作的结果无关。

D选项:欧洲的绘画者现在用的方法比其它地区的绘画者所用的方法需要更少的技术。本选项讨论的欧洲画家整体的情况,和因果链条无关。

E选项:不熟悉艺术评论的读者可能不相信书中的分析。推理文段的因果逻辑中并不关心读者怎么想,而是从绘画成果好坏倒推技术如何。

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