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题库 / GMATAdvanced-RC-39
Behind every book review there are two key figures: a book review editor and a reviewer. Editors decide whether a book is reviewed in their publication, when the review appears, how long it is, and who writes the review.
When many periodicals feature the same books, this does not prove that the editors of different periodicals have not made individual decisions. Before publication, editors receive news releases and printer’s proofs of certain books, signifying that the publishers will make special efforts to promote these books. They will be heavily advertised and probably be among the books that most bookstores order in quantity. Not having such books reviewed might give the impression that the editor was caught napping, whereas too many reviews of books that readers will have trouble finding in stores would be inappropriate. Editors can risk having a few of the less popular titles reviewed, but they must consider what will be newsworthy, advertised, and written about elsewhere.
If these were the only factors influencing editors, few books that stand little chance of selling well would ever be reviewed. But editors feel some concern about what might endure, and therefore listen to literary experts. A generation ago, a newspaper used a brilliant system of choosing which books to feature. The book review editor sent out a greater number of books than reviews he actually intended to publish. If a review was unenthusiastic, he reasoned that the book was not important enough to be discussed immediately, and if good reviews of enough other books came in, the unenthusiastic review might never be printed. The unenthusiastic reviewers were paid promptly anyway, but they learned that if they wanted their material to be printed, it was advisable to be kind.
Most editors print favorable and unfavorable reviews; however, the content of the review may be influenced by the editor. Some editors would actually feel that they had failed in their responsibility if they gave books by authors they admired to hostile critics or books by authors they disapproved of to critics who might favor them. Editors usually can predict who would review a book enthusiastically and who would tear it to shreds.
The passage provides information to answer which of the following questions?
Would most book review editors prefer to have books reviewed without regard to the probable commercial success of the books?
Are publishers’ efforts to persuade bookstores to order certain books generally effective?
On what basis do literary experts decide that a book is or is not important?
What criteria are used to determine the length of a particular book review?
Have book review practices in general changed significantly since a generation ago?
此讲解的内容由AI生成，还未经人工审阅，仅供参考。
正确答案是 E：Have book review practices in general changed significantly since a generation ago。
因为文章指出，在一代之前，一份报纸使用了一个精妙的系统来选择哪本书进行宣传：书评编辑发出了比打算出版书评多得多的书。如果书评不热情，书评编辑就认为这本书不够重要，不值得立即讨论，而如果其他书评写得好，那么这篇不热情的书评可能永远不会被出版。因此，书评家们学会了更好地写书评，以期获得出版的机会。这表明，从一代之前到现在，书评实践总体上发生了重大变化。
继续补充一些：定位句只是告诉我们“有一些商业上不太会成功的书籍也是会被编辑选中，加之以评论的。”这个行为存在，但编辑喜欢，还是不喜欢这个行为，文中并没有给出更多的信息
A一定是错的，整个第二段就在讲编辑为了好的商业效果，根据出版商的推广意愿决定是否要出版书评。
B在这里：They will be heavily advertised and probably be among the books that most bookstores order in quantity.
作者说了出版商的推广会让书店PROBABLY大量购买，及出版商的推广是generally effective。
国外的出版行业跟国内的完全不一样，利润高（在国内买外文书都贼贵），而且运营非常活泛，书籍更新快，市场化程度高。他们的编辑不只是修修改改，排版校正，做的好的编辑要能联络起作者和读者，即能找到有市场潜力的作者、跟他们保持好的关系，让他们在自己家出书，又需要了解读者喜好，了解市场，避免花成本出版一本没人买的书。感觉国外几乎是个名人就会出书，一是因为出书赚钱啊，总统退休了都说要靠出书来养活自己，二是名人本身就市场关注度高，他们的书天然地有更大的可能性卖座。我猜就算他们自己没有写书的习惯，也会被编辑盯上，游说他们出书。盯着作者，催稿也是编辑的必备技能之一。有部电影《假结婚》里的男女主的职业就是纽约的编辑，可以窥见一点编辑的日常工作内容。
至于评论家的评判对作品卖座程度的影响，可以看电影《鸟人》，主角为了让自己自导自演的话剧卖座，想方设法去给那个全纽约最尖刻的影评人说好话，争取留下好印象，让她给自己的作品一个正面的评价。
不，这个a选项的错误点在于 1.文中根本没有表明prefer那个 ，压根没有给出明确的态度 2. 选项中用了一个MOST editor，文中没有evidence来支持这个most（一般看到most all only 这种词我感觉都要注意）
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我做错了，个人做题时选了A。现在试着“强行”解释一下为什么A错：
A项的一个重点词在于 prefer to：编辑是否更倾向于在不考虑书籍商业成功的可能的情况下，让书被评论？
A项对应的定位点（第三段句首）：If these were the only factors influencing editors, few books that stand little chance of selling well would ever be reviewed。原文意思是：如果以上的因素是影响编辑的仅有因素，那么那些商业上不可能成功的书籍将不会被评论。这句话暗示一个事实：有一些商业上不太会成功的书籍也是会被编辑选中，加之以评论的。
但A选项并没有正确地转述这一点，相反，A将一个编辑“存在的”行为转述成了编辑”偏好的”行为：编辑确实有把商业上成功性小的书籍加以评论，但这并不代表编辑就偏向对商业不成功的书加以评论。因此A错。
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If these were the only factors influencing editors, few books that stand little chance of selling well would ever be reviewed。我对这句话的理解有些不一样的地方。这里的意思是确实是“如果以上的因素是影响编辑的仅有因素，那么那些商业上不可能成功的书籍将不会被评论。”但作者说这句话的意思并不是要说编辑有时也会出一些商业上不怎么成功的书。而是说，编辑如果只依靠第二段的那些技能（出版上的推广保证、自己对书籍新闻价值的把握），她还是不能避免出版商业上不成功的书。所以这一句话后面紧接着就讲，编辑担忧（自己不清楚）什么作品能够持续流通，因而去寻求文学专家的帮助，根据文学专家的书评是正面还是负面来决定要不要出版书评。至于加上文学专家的帮助后，编辑是不是就能完全避免出版商业上不成功的书了？文章里没有说。
关键是要把代词的指代对象、转折的转折对象搞清楚，以及根据前后文梳理出逻辑。感觉英语里这种学术性/非浪漫文学类文章几乎每一句话都是逻辑环环相扣的，没有一句废话。RC题里经常会问的作者提到某物、某句话的目的是？其实就是看阅读文章的人的逻辑梳理得对不对，逻辑梳理得不对，文章就没有完全读懂。
xiexie
你的解释是对的，而不是那个song of the swallow~ 他对那句话的翻译和理解完全是错误的，还在那里傲慢得不得了
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唯一定位到的地方就是these books probably be among the books that most bookstores order in quantity. 这句话哪里能看得出出版商让书店进货的努力是否有效？不懂。。。
B. Correct. The passage tells us that the books that publishers heavily advertise will probably be among the books that most bookstores order in quantity. This provides a “yes” answer to the question.
They will be heavily advertised and probably be among the books that most bookstores order in quantity.
they指代被出版商验证过、将会被他们大力推广的书。作者说了出版商的推广会让书店PROBABLY大量购买，即出版商的推广是generally effective的。
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细节查找题：”Before publication, editors receive news releases and printer’s proofs of certain books, signifying that the publishers will make special efforts to promote these books. They will be heavily advertised and probably be among the books that most bookstores order in quantity. “
害 又理解错题意。
signifying that the publishers will make special efforts to promote these books.就是对B的回答，A没有说prefer
They will be heavily advertised and probably be among the books that most bookstores order in quantity.
they指代被出版商验证过、将会被他们大力推广的书。作者说了出版商的推广会让书店PROBABLY大量购买。
A实际上问的是二、三段提到的editor都关注、解决的的问题之间有没有哪个是editors更prefer的，但显然作者并没有给出这个偏好的答案。B的话，作者明明确确表明了publisher宣传促销和store上架情况有关系。
They will be heavily advertised and probably be among the books that most bookstores order in quantity
Why not A？ If these were the only factors influencing editors, few books that stand little chance of selling well would ever be reviewed.不就恰恰说明不可能完全不考试商业成功可能性吗？不懂
without regard to the probable commercial success of the books?是如果不考虑书的可能商业性成功，是前提
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我觉得这道题答案解释的应该很牵强，我更倾向于A选项，CDE是明显不对的，它们都讲的是很小的一个方面，A和B，我觉得A 更合理一些。 B, 说实话,涵盖的面,并不比CDE强多少。
个人理解，希望大神指点一下
我回在其他人的留言里了，你有兴趣可以参考下，看对不对。
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