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题库 / Prep2007E1-SC-82
Each year companies in the United States could save as much as $58 billion annually by preventing illness among employees and gain as much as $200 billion through improving performance of workers if they simply provided offices with cleaner air.
annually by preventing illness among employees and gain as much as $200 billion through improving performance of workers if they simply provided
annually if they prevented employee illness and gain as much as $200 billion through worker performance improved by simply providing
annually in employee illness prevention and gain as much as $200 billion through worker performance improved by simply providing
in employee illness prevention and gain as much as $200 billion through improving performance of workers if they simply provided
by preventing illness among employees and gain as much as $200 billion through improved worker performance if they simply provided
through后面的improve为什么不用ing形式而是用ed形式呢
个人愚见，从两个方面解释下：
1、through的用法。through作介词表达“通过、凭借”的意思时，少见+doing的形式，一般为through the method/relationship/person等具体的名词短语，私以为“通过做……”有更好的表达像by+v-ing，这应该还是语言习惯；
2、核心词的问题。through improved worker performance和through improving performance of workers的核心词有明显的不同，前者强调的是“worker performance员工绩效”，后者则强调improving这个动作，这里更合理的理解应该是“公司如果仅仅为办公室提供更清洁的空气，就可以通过提高 的 员工绩效获得2000亿” ，而不是“就可以通过提高员工绩效获得2000亿” ，可以察觉到两者细微的差别。 前者ed形式表被动，作定语修饰绩效的性质，表达了“提高”是前面条件状语的结果的意思；后者ing形式表主动，表达了“提高员工绩效”还要施加其他的动作，提供清洁空气还不够。
核心词的解释挺有道理的
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each year和annually语义重复，排除A B C;
D save money in prevention 意思是在防止员工生病中省钱（类似偷工减料的意思），与原意不符
E save money by preventing 意思是通过防止员工生病省钱，正确
未能识别出语意重复的选项ABC：each year和annually重复。
DE主要区别在于中文意思的理解上：
D是指公司在预防员工生病这个事情上面省钱
E指的是公司利用预防员工生病这个手段省钱
排除ABC 之后，
D选项 1.介词in表明在…方面省钱，而不是通过…方式省钱，句意E更明确
2.核心词performance / improving 的比较
ABC. annually 与every year 重复，排除
是通过preventing illness减低成本
不是公司主动提高worker performance导致赚钱，而是（公司净化空气导致的）被提高的 worker performance导致了赚钱。
through improved worker performance和through improving performance of workers的核心词有明显的不同，前者强调的是“worker performance员工绩效”，后者则强调improving这个动作
故E正确
Each year和annually 语义重复，类似的还有 at first &begin；排除ABC；
方式用by，选E。
each year和annually重复
【转自RON】关于D
It's nonsense, because "$xxxx in yyyyy" would mean that yyyy is something that can actually be measured in dollars.
E.g.,
By driving a hybrid car, I will save thousands of dollars in fuel costs.
Your business can save over $10,000 per month in shipping costs by using XYZ Courier Service.
annually和each year语义重复，排除ABC；Dwordy
save money by preventing 意思是通过防止员工生病省钱
D：The phrasing "save $ in X" is not ideal...
E：reads "companies could save $58B by preventing X...and gain $200B through Y" where the correct idiom "save $ by doing X" (i.e. to specify how money is saved) is used. Also, X and Y are parallel nouns (illness and performance) correctly completing the idioms "by preventing X (one thing) ...and through Y (some other thing)" "preventing" is a noun form ("gerund"), as can be seen from the fact that it's the object of a preposition (by). in fact, -ING forms by themselves are never verbs
反思：1.动词ing形式本身不做动词！！
2.main clause 的两个主要动作：…save…and…gain…… ，进一步…save$ by X (preventing illness)…and…gain $ through Y(improved performance).
(D) prevention表达笨拙; improving不如improved意思表达准确
考点：句意的逻辑。1)annual/each year[考点可以通过对比选项得出]；2)prevent是save的方式，所以是by preventing, 若果是in——应该是save $ in medical expenses[考点应从prevent/save的逻辑关系中得出].
1、each year 和annually是同一个意思重复了，ABC❌
2、D的意思表示在员工疾病预防里（in）/方面。E表示通过预防疾病的方式。意思不一样。
in 用错，employee illness prevention is not something that can be measured in dollars
by 表示通过...方式 by doing, through sth
考平行；考重复each year和annually
"$xxxx in yyyyy" would mean that yyyy is something that can actually be measured in dollars.
Follow-up for the rest of the choices D&E, from Ron:
--
It's nonsense, because "$xxxx in yyyyy" would mean that yyyy is something that can actually be measured in dollars.
E.g.,
By driving a hybrid car, I will save thousands of dollars in fuel costs.
Your business can save over $10,000 per month in shipping costs by using XYZ Courier Service.
看到D选项才想起来each year 和annually是同一个意思重复了，排除ABC，D，并不是不平行，平行的话，两个主体平行就可以，主体的修饰语不平行ok的。D的意思表示在员工疾病预防里（in）/方面。E表示通过预防疾病的方式。意思不一样。类似语法之光里的一道题。
by doing sth，by sth，by不接的名词，如：by improving而不说by the improvement
through表示穿过立体的物体；表示通过……方式，through可以接动名词，through the improvement，不接doing