扫描二维码，直接登录
题库 / Prep2007E2-SC-74
Thirteen states from all regions of the country announced a plan to impose new controls on pollution from truck and bus engines in that they will jointly adopt emission limits that would be far stricter than the federal rules.
to impose new controls on pollution from truck and bus engines in that they will jointly adopt
to impose new controls on truck and bus engines' pollution by the joint adoption of
to impose new controls on pollution from truck and bus engines by jointly adopting
for imposing new controls on pollution from truck and bus engines, and jointly adopting
for imposing new controls on truck and bus engine pollution in the joint adoption of
还没有题目讲解（毕出老师会陆续发布对官方考题的解读，请保持关注）。
Ron：
both of them are idiomatically legitimate; they just mean different things.
a plan TO DO X means that people now have the intention of doing X, whereas before they did not.
a plan FOR DOING X means a plan for how to actually execute this action; usually, this construction implies that the intention was already there, but that the plan of execution is new.
"the joint adoption..." doesn't sufficiently indicate who is going to adopt the new regulations.
in general, ACTION NOUNS (adoption, destruction, etc.) don't imply that the subject of the sentence is performing the action; they usually refer to the general notion of that action.
by contrast, -ING forms do usually imply that the subject of the sentence is the actor.
"the joint adoption..." doesn't sufficiently indicate who is going to adopt the new regulations.
in general, ACTION NOUNS (adoption, destruction, etc.) don't imply that the subject of the sentence is performing the action; they usually refer to the general notion of that action.
by contrast, -ING forms do usually imply that the subject of the sentence is the actor.
B.C ing短语表达的是一种“过程”，通常在句中没有明确的时间终点，相反地，名词短语一般在句中具有明确的时间终点.
mark
the joint adoption 没有主语，无法与主句形成关联，by doing暗示其主语是主句主语
the joint adoption 没有主语，无法与主句形成关联，by doing暗示其主语是主句主语
划线部分是宾补对吗？谓语动词announce的约束力强吗？
我觉得【announce宣布】这个动作的约束力不强呢。。。
不是宾补，是plan的定语。
这。。。可是这里宾补和定语是如何区分的呢？
定语修饰名词，宾补也是对宾语状态的描述啊。。。
这是一个非常好的问题。确实如你所说，宾语的定语和宾补都是用来描述这个宾语的。但是，定语只是描述名词的，和主语的谓语动词没有丝毫的关系，而宾补在语意上则表达的是主句谓语动词所带来的结果，例如：
Jack makes questions hard.
Jack makes questions that are hard.
句(1)的意思是：杰克使得问题复杂化。这里的hard，除掉是在描述宾语questions外，也在表述make的结果，即，是杰克使得问题更复杂的。句(2)的意思是：杰克制作了复杂的问题。这里的“复杂”，其实和“制作”没有什么关系，是问题本身的属性复杂。
在这道题目中，显然impose是plan的内容，和announce没关系，所以是定语。
恩。所以不能用announce的约束力判断，而是用plan判断；因为plan的主观性很强，所以用不定式。谢谢。
宾补不仅描述宾语，而且是主句谓语动词的结果。
登录 或 注册 后可以参加讨论