Alaska regularly deposits some of its profits from the sale of oil into a special fund, with the intention to sustain the state's economy after the exhaustion of its oil reserves.
fund, with the intention to sustain the state's economy after the exhaustion of its oil reserves
fund, the intention of which is to sustain the state's economy after they have exhausted their oil reserves
fund intended to sustain the state's economy after oil reserves are exhausted
fund intended to sustain the state's economy after exhausting its oil reserves
fund that they intend to sustain the state's economy after oil reserves are exhausted
题目分析:
略。
选项分析:
A选项:with the intention to sustain the state's economy after the exhaustion of its oil reserves是介词短语,在主句中充当状语。我们知道,状语是修饰句子的。但在逻辑上,“阿拉斯加存储利润”的目的不一定都是为了去承托州的经济,而只有这个特殊基金(a special fund)的目的是为了承托经济。另外,名词短语the exhaustion of its oil reserves应改为从句oil reserves are exhausted。这点考查了名词和从句的区别。该部分是一个状语,依就近修饰原则,其主句为:
a special fund is intended to sustain the state's economy
由于sustain这件事就处于假想的状态,所以“油储量耗尽(oil reserves are exhausted)”这个事件都不一定发生,更别说终止点了。因此,不能用名词短语,只能用普通的从句。
B选项:代词they的指代对象只能是复数名词。而本题中,耗尽油储量的应该是“阿拉斯加”,而阿拉斯加是单数,应该用its来指代而不能用their。
C选项:Correct. 本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的。
D选项:现在分词短语 after exhausting its oil reserves是伴随状语,其字面上的主语为其所修饰的句子的主语,即,a special fund。在逻辑上,“耗尽了自己的油储量的”应该是“阿拉斯加”,而不是“基金”。
E选项:代词they的指代对象有误。因为目的是去让基金来承托经济的是“阿拉斯加”,而“阿拉斯加”是单数名词。
intend/aim:如果是人intend是sb do sth intending to do,如果是物intend是sb do sth intended to do。如:
Politicians proposed a plan intended to protect salmon fish. intended做plan的定语;
Politicians proposed a plan intending to protect salmon fish. intending做伴随状语,逻辑主语是Politicians。
D的intended修饰的是fund,而不是Alaska,后面的after做的是intended的状语。intended的逻辑主语是fund,after exhausting做为intend的伴随状语,其逻辑主语是fund,但事实上应该是Alaska消耗完它的资源,而不是基金消耗。
A,sb do sth with the intention to do,with接介宾结构,可以看成是做状语修饰主句谓语动词。它不是独立主格结构,因为intention不是to do动作的执行者,to do是intention的内容,在解释说明intention。with the intention,这个结构是没有问题的,intention to do也可以用,如:He has announced his intention to retire. 但sb do sth to do sth with the intention to do则会造成语意冗余。因为sb do sth to do sth 这个结构通常表示某人做某事,目的是to do sth,to do已经有表示目的的意思了,与intention意思冗余。可以改成with the intention of doing sth。
“油储量耗尽(oil reserves are exhausted)”这个事件都不一定发生,更别说终止点了。因此,不能用名词短语,只能用普通的从句。
D选项:作fund为主语的伴随状语,然而耗尽的主语是阿拉斯加而不是fund
Intended作为过去分词修饰fund, rule plan 等物都应该是被intended
C的 intended to sustain 是定语
BE很容易由they无所指代而排除
ACD来比较,A的with结构的修饰相对于过去分词intended的修饰而不优选
CD的区别在于after oil reserves are exhausted和after exhausting its oil reserves的区别在于主动被动,而根据题目后者的逻辑主语是fund,fund无法exhaust oil reserves所以选C
1-先看fund后面这一串到底应该做状语还是定语,“目的是维持社会经济”,看他是修饰“存”这个动作还是fund这个名词,应该是这个fund建立的目的,应该做定语,排除A;
2-B句子结构都不完整,排除;
3-After+分词,做伴随,状语,修饰主语fund,伴随状语主语跟主句一致,fund exhaust 明显不对,排除D
4-剩下C和E,E考察代词,指代Alaska 单词,排除E,剩C
问一下习语上的区别:我们经常见到with the intention of doing sth, intend to do sth,为何一个用ing,一个用不定式?
一个是定语,一个是intend的直接宾语,当然不同咯。
比较疑惑的是:既然是同一个词,以约束力来讲,应该是相同的,可为何一个用约束力较强才用的不定式形式,另一个是约束力不强才用的ing形式。
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