A fossil recently discovered in Marlandia, a chain of islands, proves that a present-day reptile indigenous to Marlandia is descended from an ancient reptile species that lived on the islands millions of years ago. The finding is surprising since the ancestral species was thought to have become extinct when Marlandia was submerged in a global sea-level rise twenty-five million years ago. Based on the new discovery, many scientists have concluded that the sea-level rise in question left at least part of Marlandia unsubmerged.
Which of the following would, if true, provide the most additional support for the scientists' conclusion?
Reptiles in Marlandia have adapted to many environmental changes since the sea-level rise.
Marlandia separated from a much larger landmass about eighty million years ago.
No fossils that prove the relationship between the present-day species and the ancestral species have been found anywhere other than Marlandia.
The present-day reptiles are able to thrive on very tiny Marlandia islands.
The ancestral reptiles could not have survived long at sea.
推理结构:因果推理(某岛被海水淹没的时候古代爬行动物灭绝了→最近发现了由古代爬行动物进化过来的现代爬行动物→科学家断定 当时古代爬行动物留了活口 是因为(本文结论句:)当时海水没有完全淹没那个小岛)
评估方向:
证实AB的确有因果关系/抵消中间变量
E加强ab的因果联系。古代爬行动物没有陆地就是活不了。
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