A fossil recently discovered in Marlandia, a chain of islands, proves that a present-day reptile indigenous to Marlandia is descended from an ancient reptile species that lived on the islands millions of years ago. The finding is surprising since the ancestral species was thought to have become extinct when Marlandia was submerged in a global sea-level rise twenty-five million years ago. Based on the new discovery, many scientists have concluded that the sea-level rise in question left at least part of Marlandia unsubmerged.
Which of the following would, if true, provide the most additional support for the scientists' conclusion?
Reptiles in Marlandia have adapted to many environmental changes since the sea-level rise.
Marlandia separated from a much larger landmass about eighty million years ago.
No fossils that prove the relationship between the present-day species and the ancestral species have been found anywhere other than Marlandia.
The present-day reptiles are able to thrive on very tiny Marlandia islands.
The ancestral reptiles could not have survived long at sea.
果:研究认为之前的一次海平面上升中祖先物种没有完全灭绝;
因:那次海平面上升至少有部分岛没有被淹没;
(1)攻击结论:它因,其他原因导致祖先物种没有被全部灭绝;(2)攻击前提:无关因果,岛有没有被淹和祖先物种是否灭绝没有因果关系;
E选项取非后,祖先物种可以在海洋中存活很久,即否定了岛被淹和物种灭绝的因果关系。
C选项取非说的是,在其他地方也发现了现代物种和祖先物种关系的化石,这个题干说的感觉挺含糊,也不能说明祖先物种起源其他地方,如果是的话就是部分否定前提了。 总体来讲感觉用取非来排除错误答案还是有点含糊?找对的要高效的多;
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