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题库 / GMATAdvanced-CR-15
The lobbyists argued that because there is no statistical evidence that breathing other people’ s tobacco smoke increases the incidence of heart disease or lung cancer in healthy nonsmokers, legislation banning smoking in workplaces cannot be justified on health grounds.
Of the following, which is the best criticism of the argument reported above?
It ignores causes of lung cancer other than smoking.
It neglects the damaging effects of smoke-filled air on nonsmokers who are not healthy.
It fails to mention the roles played by diet, exercise, and heredity in the development of heart disease.
It does not consider the possibility that nonsmokers who breathe smoke-filled air at work may become more concerned about their health.
It does not acknowledge that nonsmokers, even those who breathe smoke-filled air at work, are in general healthier than smokers.
because there is no statistical evidence that breathing other people’ s tobacco smoke increases the incidence of heart disease or lung cancer in healthy nonsmokers, 要对这句话进行质疑可以有：(1)没有统计证据？没有统计证据不代表不会发生。比如统计证据或者肺癌的引发需要很多年的积累，现在还没积累出来所以才统计不出来，但不能据此说危害就不存在。(2)没增加心脏病和肺癌？那增加了其他疾病比如中风、衰老得快算不算？(3)对健康人没影响？那对不健康的人有影响算不算？(4)呼吸了其他人的二手烟？那没呼吸到，扔下的烟蒂污染了土地、水源等算不算？
论杠精的自我养成
质疑地好全面……
除了第4个牵强店，awa给6分
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tobacco smoke increases the incidence of heart disease or lung cancer in healthy nonsmokers, 注意这里有个qualification： in healthy nonsmokers。限定条件要么是不得不加，使reasoning更经得起质疑；要么就是无谓之举，给自己的reasoning挖坑。这里属于第二种。
Note that not all nonsmokers are healthy in every respect. This raises the possibility that tobacco-smoke exposure of some nonsmokers—those who already have some medical condition—could either worsen existing illnesses or cause new ones such as lung cancer or heart disease.