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题库 / GMATAdvanced-CR-19
Banker: My country’s laws require every bank to invest in its local community by lending money to local businesses, providing mortgages for local home purchases, and so forth. This is intended to revitalize impoverished local communities. But it is clear that the law will soon entirely cease to serve its intended purpose. An increasing number of banks incorporated in our country exist solely on the Internet and are not physically located in any specific community.
The banker’s argument is most vulnerable to criticism on which of the following grounds?
It overlooks the possibility that most banks that are physically located in specific communities in the banker’s country are not located in impoverished communities.
It takes for granted that a law that ceases to serve its originally intended purpose no longer serves any other beneficial purpose, either.
It confuses a condition that would, if present, be likely to produce a given effect, with a condition that would probably be the cause if that effect were present.
It overlooks the possibility that even if there is a strong correlation between two phenomena, neither of those phenomena are necessarily causally responsible for the other.
It fails to adequately address the possibility that an increase in the number of banks of one kind in the banker’s country will not lead to the complete elimination of banks of another kind.
题目：银行家的观点是，以前银行都是实体的，法律要求每个银行投资银行所在地的商业，但是现在网银越来越多，这些网银没有实体（是虚拟的），所以这条法律很快就会完全失效。
反驳： E 过于绝对。意思就是说虽然网银越来越多，但是实体银行只要存在，那么这条法律就不会没用。
A 大多数实体银行并不是设在穷地。无关
B 丧失原本初衷的法律也不再有其他的有益目的。无关
C It confuses a condition ... with a condition...。 混淆两种情况。a condition that would, if present, be likely to produce a given effect = 如果网银出现，那么很有可能使得法律失效。 a condition that would probably be the cause if that effect were present. 如果法律失效，那么很有可能是因为网银出现。意思就是说两个事件有因果关系。但是题目的重点，不在因果，而在结论下得太绝对（entirely）。
D 即便两种现象关联紧密，但是也不一定就是因果关系。还是在说因果。
这个与因果没有关系，这里本来就是想让你预测网银出现的现象的结果，并没有涉及到说问你法律失效的原因
反而有问题的在于这个entire
给你一个insight，如果是比这个更明显一点的题：要思考到绝对的表达在这个推断中扮演的作用
E：即使网上银行很多，但是不能证明community bank会消失，只要有一家community bank， 这个法律就不会停
结论：这项法律很快就将完全失效
原文：因为越来越多银行会在网上注册，而不是实际修建在哪个社区，所以该国的法律（银行要向当地贷款，扶持当地经济）会取消
如何削弱：指出该法律会继续使用，即适用的银行不会消失
But it is clear that the law will soon entirely cease to serve its intended purpose. 注意结论 限定词
注意说者的观点是the law will soon entirely cease to serve its purpose，有个entirely做了限定。这个限定是不对的，除非网上银行挤走全部的线下银行，否则就不能entirely cease。但我们知道网上银行和线下银行是可以同时存在的，就算有减少，那也是使其减少而不是消灭。
C的意思是把可能的原因看成了必然的原因，属于常见的逻辑推理缺陷，但本题不属于此种情况
D的意思是同时发生的事情看成了二者必然互相影响，也是常见的逻辑推理缺陷，但本题不属于此种情况
entirely?
the law will soon entirely cease to serve its intended purpose，注意这个entirely
Note that the banker's conclusion is quite strong: The law will soon entirely cease to serve its intended purpose. The only reason to believe that the law would entirely cease to serve its … purpose would be: (1) if circumstances led to the complete disappearance of banks that do exist in specific communities; (2) if somehow circumstances caused investment in impoverished local communities to fail to revitalize those communities.