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题库 / GMATLA-CR-29
Scientists typically do their most creative work before the age of forty. It is commonly thought that this happens because aging by itself brings about a loss of creative capacity. However, studies show that a disproportionately large number of the scientists who produce highly creative work beyond the age of forty entered their field at an older age than is usual. Since by the age of forty the large majority of scientists have been working in their field for at least fifteen years, the studies' finding strongly suggests that the real reason why scientists over forty rarely produce highly creative work is not that they have simply aged but rather that they generally have spent too long in a given field.
In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?
The first is the position that the argument as a whole opposes; the second is an objection that has been raised against a position defended in the argument.
The first is a claim that has been advanced in support of a position that the argument opposes; the second is a finding that has been used in support of that position.
The first is an explanation that the argument challenges; the second is a finding that has been used in support of that explanation.
The first is an explanation that the argument challenges; the second is a finding on which that challenge is based.
The first is an explanation that the argument defends; the second is a finding that has been used to challenge that explanation.
错选了 A。A：The first is the position that the argument as a whole opposes; the second is an objection that has been raised against a position defended in the argument.其中后半句中的a position defended in the argument表示文章捍卫的论述（defend是捍卫的意思，不是反驳）。BF2并不是在反对文章捍卫的观点。
BF1 是一个 premise,用来support第一句话。
BF2 是一个finding,这个finding和第一句话是有冲突的。
A) BF1 不是position(conclusion),仅是一个premise;BF2也不是一个objection,只是一个与第一句话有冲突的finding.
B) BF2 并没有support BF1一方的论点。
C)同B, BF2并没有支持BF1
D)BF1是一个argument面对挑战的解释(premise)，BF2, 因为有了这句话，所以才出现了这个challenge. 对
E）defends,指的是保护，所以BF1错了，argument并没有defends BF1，而是oppose.
这道题，BF1前面有个because，BF2前面shows that，两句中间还有个however，知道是1是个原因，2是个现象，而且两者对立的。并且BF2后面有个since长句贯穿到结尾，说明BF2所在的整句应该是结论，since是解释这个结论的内容。
A：BF1不是position，基于“because”，BF1应该是支持某个position的原因。
B：你看选项怎么说的：BF1 in support 了，BF2也在 in support，不对啊，原文的however说明两者显然对立嘛。
C：BF1是explanation没错，BF2用来支持BF1，错了啊，对立的。
D：没错
E：都however了，哪可能BF1是argument defends的内容，显然是反驳的啊。
challenge & defend
现象1：年轻的时候产出有创造力的作品
作者反对的解释1：年龄增长使创造力降低（第一部分）
现象2：年老才产出有创造力作品的大都很晚进入领域。（第二部分）
作者支持的解释2：因为在该领域太久才没有创造力，与年龄无关。
错选E，defend是辩护，支持的意思！！！
【转载】BF1前面有个because，BF2前面shows that，两句中间还有个however，知道是1是个原因，2是个现象，而且两者对立的。并且BF2后面有个since长句贯穿到结尾，说明BF2所在的整句应该是结论，since是解释这个结论的内容。
A：BF1不是position，基于“because”，BF1应该是支持某个position的原因。
B：你看选项怎么说的：BF1 in support 了，BF2也在 in support，不对啊，原文的however说明两者显然对立嘛。
C：BF1是explanation没错，BF2用来支持BF1，错了啊，对立的。
D：没错
E：都however了，哪可能BF1是argument defends的内容，显然是反驳的啊。
However, studies show thata disproportionately large number of the scientists who produce highly creative work beyond the age of forty entered their field at an older age than is usual. 但是研究显示了一个不成比例地数量的科学家，这些科学家在一个比通常更大的年纪进入他们领域，在40岁以后产出了高度创造性的成果。
E 选项， the argument depends.....depend （保护，支持）
that position指的是文章反对的position！
论点:更多在40岁前发表作品；
原因1：黑体1；
注意后面HOWEVER，现象(黑体2)；
由此现象，引申出后面的SINCE原因2，并得出真正结论：并非开头所说年纪大才不发表作品，而是因为在领域呆的太久才不发表了。
所以黑体1是所反驳观点的原因；黑体2是支撑起反驳的一个背景研究
有没有讲解，解答下