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题库 / GMATLA-SC-17
Antarctica receives more solar radiation than does any other place on Earth, yet the temperatures are so cold and the ice cap is reflective, so that little polar ice melts during the summer; otherwise, the water levels of the oceans would rise 250 feet and engulf most of the world's great cities.
is reflective, so that little polar ice melts during the summer; otherwise,
is so reflective that little of the polar ice melts during the summer; were it to do so,
so reflective that little polar ice melts during the summer, or else
reflective, so that little of the polar ice melts during the summer, or
reflects so that little of the polar ice melts during the summer; if it did
题目分析：
本题主要需要记忆关于虚拟语气的相关用法及概念。正确选项中的were it to do so是一个虚拟语气下的条件状语，正常语序为：
if it were to do so
选项分析：
A选项：首先，应该是so cold和so reflective对应。其次，otherwise应改为were it to do so.
本选项的otherwise是“否则”的意思，一般我们会说：
I was ill that day, otherwise I could have taken part in the sports meet.
例句中，otherwise相当于if I were not ill.（虚拟）
同理，这本选项中，如果用otherwise，则可以相当于if little polar ice did not melt.（相当于在谓语动词那里加否定词）。
这时你会发现，逻辑上不对。
不是说，如果很少的冰不熔化，那么水位就会上涨。
而应该是，如果冰都融化了，那么水位就会上涨。
因此，otherwise是不正确的。
B选项：Correct. 本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的。
C选项：本选项缺少谓语动词，ice cap和so reflective之间应当添加谓语动词；另外，or else应该用虚拟语气替代。
D选项：本选项错误同(C)。
E选项：冰盖（ice cap）应该是具有反射性（reflective）而不是主动发出反射这个动作，因此应将reflects改为is reflective。另外，if it did是真实条件句，应改为虚拟语气。
“the water levels of the oceans would rise 250 feet and engulf most of the world's great cities.”中的“would”提示说此句为虚拟语气，选项中只有B有虚拟语气。
但，不太能明白句意。
前半句表达难融化，导致的后果应该是水位不会上升，但后半句描述的是水位上升，两者不一样的意思为什么不能使用“otherwise”表示另一种情况？
我跟你想法一样...求解答
我更新了一下选项A的解析，请参考~
选项A的解析已更新。主要的问题在于对otherwise这个词的理解上。otherwise是把前面句子里的核心动词所讲的情况取反，而不是“另一种情况”。
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If I were a boy...........
把划线部分和为划线部分连起来一起看！！
otherwise= if noun were not 在谓语上加否定
太傻了，竟然用little of和little来排除
这里最重要的splits应该是后面的转折（or不能说转折，是假设）
句意是最重要的
排除法选的B, 之所以犹豫是觉得B也不严谨,难道不是 SVA and SVA结构吗? 这样是否也就不对了?
were it to do so = if it were to do so
第一个选项会有两个so
otherwise是“否则”的意思，一般我们会说：
I was ill that day, otherwise I could have taken part in the sports meet.
例句中，otherwise相当于if I were not ill.（虚拟）
同理，这本选项中，如果用otherwise，则可以相当于if little polar ice did not melt.（相当于在谓语动词那里加否定词）。
这时你会发现，逻辑上不对。
不是说，如果很少的冰不熔化，那么水位就会上涨。
而应该是，如果冰都融化了，那么水位就会上涨。
因此，otherwise是不正确的。
冰块太冷且反射加强会加剧融化
个人认为E选项的条件句如果是 if it did so应该也没问题吧？
相比较而言。if it were to do， 强调主句潜在的结果特别糟糕或不可想象，if it did so 则没有这个强调作用
"the water levels of the oceans would rise 250 feet and engulf most of the world's great cities."作为结果还不够糟糕吗
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虚拟语气 were it to do so = if it were to do so
虚拟语气
虚拟语气
C is badly worded, though, because it seems to imply that there are two possibilities of essentially equal probability (either (1) little polar ice melts OR ELSE (2) the water levels blah blah blah). That leaves B, which correctly implies that the melting of the ice is hypothetical.
B were it to do so [hypothetical] if it were to do so
错因：不知道were it to do so这个用法
A: 冰融化这件事是一个与现实相反的状态，必须用虚拟语气were it to do so=if it were to do so，不能只用otherwise
E: and前后平行，且冰盖（ice cap）应该是具有反射性（reflective）而不是主动发出反射这个动作，因此应将reflects改为is reflective
，if it did是真实条件句，应改为虚拟语气。
因为到现在为止，这些北极的冰并没有在夏天融化(little polar ice melts during the summer)，而水位上升是冰都融化之后才产生的，因此，冰融化这件事本身是一个与现实相反的状态，必须用虚拟语气were it to do so，不能只用otherwise
所以请问it 指代谁
ice
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were it to do so是一个虚拟语气下的条件状语，正常语序为：
if it were to do so
"Where it to do so" is a hypothetical that tells us that we are looking at what would happen if the ice cap was melting.
choice a, otherwise adv. 否则; 不然; 除此以外。冰融化这件事本身是一个与现实相反的状态，必须用虚拟语气were it to do so，不能只用otherwise。