Five hundred million different species of living creatures have appeared on Earth, nearly 99 percent of them vanishing.
Five hundred million different species of living creatures have appeared on Earth, nearly 99 percent of them vanishing.
Nearly 99 percent of five hundred million different species of living creatures that appeared on Earth have vanished.
Vanished are nearly 99 percent of the five hundred million different species of living creatures that appeared on Earth.
Of five hundred million different species of living creatures that have appeared on Earth, nearly 99 percent of them have vanished.
Of the five hundred million different species of living creatures that have appeared on Earth, nearly 99 percent have vanished.
题目分析:
略。
选项分析:
A选项:本选项最后的nearly 99 percent of them vanishing是一个独立主格结构,我们应该将其改为普通的状语从句。这是因为,通常分词短语是用来表达某事或某物的固有属性的,例如,我们可以说:
The mayor working in Beijing proposed a good plan.
这是因为,“在北京或者其它地方工作”对于市长来说十分正常。但我们通常不说:
The mayor nursing a child proposed a good plan.
而只能说:
The mayor who nurses a child proposed a good plan.
这是因为,养小孩并不是市长正常的工作,必须用从句。
本选项也是一样(独立主格是状语,状语就是描述句子的固有特性),主句讲的是500种生物出现在地球上,独立主格讲的是99%的已经消亡了。显然地,“消亡”不可能是“出现在地球”上的固有特点(不能生来就是为了死的吧)。
B选项:本选项中的定语从句的appeared应该从过去时改成现在完成时have appeared,这是因为,消失的动物,应该是“到现在为止”出现在地球上的,不是过去出现在地球上的。
C选项:时态错误同(B)。
D选项:主句用了99 percent of them,其中of them是赘余的。这是因为,Of five hundred million different species of living creatures that have appeared on Earth本身已经是一个介词短语了,做定语来修饰主句主语99 percent of them。由于them指代five hundred million different species,所以本选项中99 percent的定语中出现了两次five hundred million different species。
E选项:Correct. 本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的。
Nearly 99 percent of the five hundred million different species of living creatures that have appeared on Earth have vanished.
这个句子的逻辑是:495万种动物以前出现,到目前为止have vanished;5万种动物出现,还没有消失;总共500万种动物既包括已经消失的也包括还在的。
句子主干是:99% have vanished,意思是直到现在消失了,用have;
have appeared on Earth修饰500万种living creatures,500万种动物并不是像那99%一样以前出现过,不能用appeared,表示之前出现过;只能用have appeared,表示到目前为止出现。
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