All Y chromosomes in existence today are descended from a single ancestor's who is thought to have lived about 140,000 years ago.
a single ancestor's who is thought to have lived
a single ancestor's who was thought to live
a single ancestor whom it is thought had lived
the Y chromosome of a single ancestor who is thought to have lived
the Y chromosome of a single ancestor whom it was thought had lived
题目分析:
略
选项分析:
选项A:a single ancestor’s 身后出现了定语从句,而a single ancestor身后的所有格显然指的是“染色体”, who is thought to have lived about 140,000 years ago应该放在其先行词ancestor旁边,不能放在所有格身后。
选项B:定语从句错误同选项(A)。另外,划线部分最后的不定式短语to live about 140,000 years ago应该改成to have lived about 140,000 years ago。请注意,在不定式短语中添加have,不表示完成时,而是表示的是“先时性”。在本题中即,“生活在140,000年之前”是发生于“认为(thought)”这个动作之前的,因此,应该把to live改成to have lived。
选项C:所有的Y染色体应该进化自(All Y chromosomes in existence today are descended from)一个染色体,而不能是进化自single ancestor,即, single ancestor应改为the Y chromosome of a single ancestor。另外,whom it is thought had lived about 140,000 years ago是一个嵌入式关系分句,若把先行词带入从句且补全省略,则有:
it is thought (that) a single ancestor had lived about 140,000 years ago
划线的部分是先行词。虽然这个从句在语法上没有错误,在其在逻辑上应改为:
a single ancestor is thought to have lived about 140,000 years ago
这点考查了不定式和从句的区别,用之于本题, 由于think是看法类动词,所以其宾语的补足语必须用不定式来表示。
选项D:Correct. 本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的。
选项E:嵌套式关系分句错误同(C)。
A/B: who离ancestor's最近,应该离被修饰对象ancestor最近。
C,最优的平行是People descend from people, chromosomes descend from chromosomes,而不是染色体来源于人。
E,whom错了;it was thought表示过去认为,应该为it is thought,从过去到现在都认为。
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