According to some botanists, invasive plants are the second most serious threat, after habitat loss, to native species of plants and animals and to the maintenance of biologically diverse ecosystems.


threat, after habitat loss, to native species of plants and animals and to the maintenance of biologically diverse ecosystems

threat, after habitat loss, to native species of plants and animals and for maintaining biologically diverse ecosystems

threat, after losing their habitat, to native species of plants and animals and also to maintenance of biologically diverse ecosystems

threat to native species of plants and animals and for maintaining biologically diverse ecosystems, after habitat loss

threat to native species of plants and animals as well as to maintaining biologically diverse ecosystems, after losing their habitat

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考题讲解

题目分析：

本题只要把句子读懂，并且能知道平行对象都是谁，就可以顺利解出答案。
本句的意思是：
“对于当地的动物和植物”和“对于维持生态系统多样性”这两件事来说，“植物入侵”是第二严重的威胁，排在栖息地丢失之后。

选项分析：

选项A：Correct. 本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的。

选项B：由于“对于当地的动物和植物”和“对于维持生态系统多样性”这两件事在逻辑上具有并列的地位，所以两者应该保持平行，即，将for maintaining改为to the maintenance。 

选项C：首先，after losing their habitat中的代词their没有指代对象。其次，应将动名词短语losing habitat改为名词短语habitat loss，这点考查了名词和动名词的区别。用之于本题，原句中讲的是invasive plants和栖息地丢失对于动植物的影响，显然讨论的是“栖息地丢失”这个现象，而不是“丢失栖息地”的过程。因此，必须用名词短语。 

选项D：平行错误同选项(B)。另外，after habitat loss应该直接放在threat的后面，用于就近修饰。

选项E：动名词短语maintaining biologically diverse ecosystems应改为名词短语maintenance of biologically diverse ecosystems。这点考查了名词和动名词的区别。同理于选项(C)，这里的maintain也应该用名词形式。另外，本选项具有选项B-D的所有错误。

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