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题库 / OG Diagnostic Test-SC-86
The results of two recent unrelated studies support the idea that dolphins may share certain cognitive abilities with humans and great apes; the studies indicate dolphins as capable of recognizing themselves in mirrors—an ability that is often considered a sign of self-awareness—and to grasp spontaneously the mood or intention of humans.
dolphins as capable of recognizing themselves in mirrors—an ability that is often considered a sign of self-awareness—and to grasp spontaneously
dolphins' ability to recognize themselves in mirrors—an ability that is often considered as a sign of self-awareness—and of spontaneously grasping
dolphins to be capable of recognizing themselves in mirrors—an ability that is often considered a sign of self-awareness—and to grasp spontaneously
that dolphins have the ability of recognizing themselves in mirrors—an ability that is often considered as a sign of self-awareness—and spontaneously grasping
that dolphins are capable of recognizing themselves in mirrors—an ability that is often considered a sign of self-awareness—and of spontaneously grasping
题目分析：
观察单个选项很难发现考点，只有对比(A)(B)两个选项才能看出to grasp和of grasping的区别，进而可以发现平行的考点。
选项分析：
A选项：as capable of recognizing themselves in mirrors可以看作是dolphins的补语（宾补）在这点上问题不大，主要的问题出现在平行上，在逻辑上，recognize themselves in mirrors（认识自己）和grasp spontaneously the mood or intention of humans（掌握人类的情绪和目的）分别是海豚的两种能力，两者应该在语法上平行，但是本选项中两者是不平行的（of recognizing themselves in mirrors和to grasp spontaneously）。
B选项：recognize和grasp的平行错误同(A)；另外，本选项中不定式to recognize themselves in mirrors是ability的定语，这使得谓语动词indicate的宾语的核心词为“能力”。但在逻辑上，研究表明的事情应该是“海豚有能力做什么”，而不是“海豚的能力”。
C选项：不定式to be capable of recognizing themselves in mirrors是dolphins的补语（宾补）。这是不正确的，谓语动词indicate身后应该用宾语从句而不是名词加不定式，这点考查了“不定式和从句的区别”。
D选项：the ability身后只能加不定式to do而不能加介词短语of doing。这点考查了“动名词和不定式的区别”。用之于本题，例如我们说：
James have the ability to finish GMAT.
在例句开始的时候，显然詹姆斯还没有完成GMAT呢，否则我们就说的是一句废话，因为人家都已经完成了，当然是有能力了。由此可知，ability的定语只能用不定式而不能用介词短语。
E选项：Correct. 本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的。
be able to/have the ability to
be capable of
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