When trying to identify new technologies that promise to transform the marketplace, market researchers survey the managers of those companies that are developing new technologies. Such managers have an enormous stake in succeeding, so they invariably overstate the potential of their new technologies. Surprisingly, however, market researchers typically do not survey a new technology's potential buyers, even though it is the buyers—not the producers—who will ultimately determine a technology's commercial success.

Which of the following, if true, best accounts for the typical survey practices among market researchers?


If a new technology succeeds, the commercial benefits accrue largely to the producers, not to the buyers, of that technology.

People who promote the virtues of a new technology typically fail to consider that the old technology that is currently in use continues to be improved, often substantially.

Investors are unlikely to invest substantial amounts of capital in a company whose own managers are skeptical about the commercial prospects of a new technology they are developing.

The potential buyers for not-yet-available technologies can seldom be reliably identified.

The developers of a new technology are generally no better positioned than its potential buyers to gauge how rapidly the new technology can be efficiently mass-produced.

考题讲解

情景:在试图找出可以改变市场的新技术的时候,市场调查者们往往调查的是正在研究新技术的公司的管理人员。这些管理者都过度相信自己会成功,所以他们都高估了新技术的潜力。但是令人惊讶的是,即使如此,市场调查者仍然不愿意调查新技术的购买者,尽管他们才是最终决定新技术商业价值的人。

推理:本题属于A, however非B型,判断推理方式时必须先转换成正常的推理文段,即,结论应该为:市场调查者愿意调查新技术的购买者。实际上,本题在however身后部分才是重点,即,正确的前提和结论为:

前提:购买者是最终决定新技术商业价值的人

结论:调查新技术的购买者

由于前提和结论讨论的事情不同,并且结论为果,所以本题为因果推理。

答案选项需要反驳结论。


选项分析:

A选项:如果一个新技术成功了,那么商业利润是生产者的,不是消费者的。本选项讨论的是利润归属问题,不是调查对象问题。

B选项:推进新技术的人往往忘记了老的技术也在继续发展中。本选项和调查对象无关。 

C选项:投资者不会把大量的资金投在连公司管理人员对技术的商业前景都持怀疑态度的技术上。本选项和调查对象无关。

D选项:
 Correct. 新技术的购买者很难被可靠的定义。调查者不调查购买者并不是他们不愿意调查,而是因为他们不知道购买者是谁,可以反驳推理文段中调查购买者这个结论。

E选项:
新技术的生产者不比潜在消费者更确定新技术产品什么时候开始会大规模生产。本选项讨论的是消费者和生产者的关系和异同,不能反驳推理文段中的结论。

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