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题库 / OG2016-SC-63
Having been named for a mythological nymph who cared for the infant Jupiter, the asteroid named Ida, in the middle of the belt of asteroids that orbit the Sun between Mars and Jupiter, was discovered in 1884.
Having been named for a mythological nymph who cared for the infant Jupiter, the asteroid named Ida, in the middle of the belt of asteroids that orbit the Sun between Mars and Jupiter, was discovered in 1884.
Discovered in 1884, the asteroid Ida, named for a mythological nymph who cared for the infant Jupiter, is in the middle of the belt of asteroids that orbit the Sun between Mars and Jupiter.
In the middle of the belt of asteroids that orbit the Sun between Mars and Jupiter, the asteroid Ida, discovered in 1884 and named for a mythological nymph who cared for the infant Jupiter.
The asteroid Ida, named for a mythological nymph who cared for the infant Jupiter and discovered in 1884, is in the middle of the belt of asteroids to orbit the Sun between Mars and Jupiter.
Ida, an asteroid discovered in 1884 and which was named for a mythological nymph who cared for the infant Jupiter, is in the middle of the belt of asteroids to orbit the Sun between Mars and Jupiter.
题目分析：
本题将多个小句进行了主从句的变换，着重考查考生对于主从句的把握。
选项分析：
A选项：被命名为a mythological nymph（having been named for a mythological nymph who cared for the infant Jupiter）在本选项中是伴随状语，“Ida被发现（the asteroid named Ida was discovered in 1884）”是主句。这是不正确的。依据图形背景原则，“被命名为a mythological nymph”不能是“Ida先被发现”的背景。因为，在逻辑上，应是Ida先被发现，然后才是被命名，两者不具有时间轴上谁大于谁的问题。
B选项：Correct. 本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的。
C选项：本选项没有谓语动词（discovered和named在本选项中均是过去分词，身前需要加be动词（系动词）才能成为谓语动词（被动语态））。
D选项：句末的to do不定式（to orbit the Sun between Mars and Jupiter）在本选项中是asteroids的后置定语。其考查了“不定式和从句的区别”。用之于本题，主句“Ida是在小行星带中的”事件的发生对“小行星带环绕太阳”这个事件发生与否没有直接影响（你不能说，ida在小行星带后，触发了这些小行星带环绕太阳吧？这两个事件均是客观事实，不存在谁触发谁）。因此，只能用that orbit the Sun between Mars and Jupiter这个从句的形式。
E选项：to orbit不能做asteriods的定语错误同(D)。另外，本选项中的an asteroid discovered in 1884 和which was named for a mythological nymph who cared for the infant Jupiter不平行。这是因为，前者是同位语，后者是定语，两者的功能不同（如果两者都是定语，则可以平行），所以不能用and连接。
老师没说B 我说下B，大家注意B答案里的分词可不是做伴随状语哦！而是过去分词做定语，而且是非限制性定语。
定语，被修饰词，定语，
注意观察逗号，类似三明治把被修饰词夹在中间。
同时大家也注意，分词（无论过去分词还是现在分词）做定语必须紧跟被修饰词，最好是不要加逗号，加逗号的情景就是“放句首”或者做“非限制插入”（前后都有逗号）
再补充下做状语表伴随的一些情况，状语是修饰动作的，包括不仅限于动作发生的时间地点方式原因结果，一定要和逻辑主语及动作有联系，我再举些做状语的例子大家就清楚了：
Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. 因为淋了一场大雨,所以他全身湿透了. (caught in a heavy rain 为过去分词短语作原因状语,它来源于原因状语从句 Because he was caught in a heavy rain.)
Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. 如果种在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快.( grown in rich soil 为过去分词作条件状语,它来源于条件状语从句 If these seeds are grown in rich soil.
Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us. 当从山顶看城市,城市显得更漂亮.(seen 为过去分词作状语,表"被看",由语境可知,它的逻辑主语必须是城市,而不是"我们",因为"我们"应主动看城市.)
不过A答案可以用图形背景原则排除 嘿嘿
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