From an experiment using special extrasensory perception cards, each bearing one of a set of symbols, parapsychologist Joseph Banks Rhine claimed statistical proof for subjects who could use thought transference to identify a card in the dealer's hand.
for subjects who could use thought transference to identify a card in the dealer's hand
for a card in the dealer's hand to be identified by subjects with thought transference
of subjects able to identify with thought transference a card in the dealer's hand
that subjects could identify a card in the dealer's hand by using thought transference
that subjects are capable to use thought transference for identifying a card in the dealer's hand
题目分析:未划线部分中出现的each bearing one of a set of symbols是独立主格结构,此处each是一个代词。当然,此处的信息无关于本题的答案。
选项分析:
A选项:proof的修饰语部分(定语)是一个介词短语(for subjects who could use thought transference),其核心词为subjects。但在逻辑上,真正能成为证明(proof)的肯定是一个事件(核心词应该是动作)而不能是某种研究对象(subjects)。
B选项:本选项proof的修饰语部分是:for sb to do sth结构(for sth to be done by sb),在结构的核心词与从句相同(有些时候,甚至可以将for sb to do sth和从句互相替换),均为动词identify。虽然核心词相同,但是其和从句在用法还是很有区别的。这里我们应该将其改为普通的同位语从句,这点考查不定式和从句的区别。在逻辑上,显然地,主句讲的是声明了一个proof,而声明本身,并不能改变这个proof的状态,即,被实验者识别卡片这个行为不因为“声明”而开始发生或结束。因此,必须用从句。
C选项:of是介词,身后只能加名词,构成介宾短语,由此可知本选项中不定式able to identify with thought transference a card做subjects的定语,核心词错误同(A)。
D选项:Correct。本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的,整个选项做statistical proof的同位语从句。
E选项:本选项中的identify被放在了动名词短语中,同位语从句部分的谓语动词变成了use。也就是说,JBR声明的证据的内容变成了:“被实验者用思维转换”。显然地,这个证明(proof)应该是“被实验者可以通过思维转换来识别卡片”,即,proof的同位语从句的核心词应该是identify这个事件,而不是use这个事件。
核心词的重要性,主要成分优先表达
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