Researchers studying the brain scans of volunteers who pondered ethical dilemmas have found that the basis for making tough moral judgments is emotion, not logic or analytical reasoning.
the brain scans of volunteers who pondered ethical dilemmas have found that the basis for making tough moral judgments is
the brain scans of volunteers who pondered ethical dilemmas and found the basis to make tough moral decisions to be
the brain scans of volunteers pondering ethical dilemmas and found that the basis for making tough moral decisions is
volunteers' brain scans while pondering ethical dilemmas have found the basis to make tough moral judgments to be
volunteers' brain scans while they pondered ethical dilemmas have found that the basis for making tough moral judgments is
题目分析:
本题比较长,语法结构略显复杂:
Researchers studying the brain scans of volunteers who pondered ethical dilemmas have found that the basis for making tough moral judgments is emotion, not logic or analytical reasoning.
两个划线的部分是各自先行词的定语,不是主干。
选项分析:
A选项:Correct. 本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的。
B选项:and是连词,必须连接两个句子。但是在本选项中,and身前的小句缺少谓语动词。(本选项中的to make应该改为for making,考查了“不定式和ing的区别”。很容易判断。)
另外,在found这句话中,本选项可以看作:
Researchers found the basis to be emotion.
其应该改为:
Researchers found that the basis is emotion.
这点考查了“不定式和从句的区别”。用之于本题,显然谓语动词find的控制力很弱,应该用宾语从句。
C选项:and身前没有谓语动词错误同(B)。
D选项:Researchers found the basis to be emotion应改为Researchers found that the basis is emotion错误同选项(B)。本选项中的 while pondering ethical dilemmas是伴随状语,这分词短语前添加连词形式的伴随状语非常常见,万不能判断为错。
E选项:代词they的指代对象在语法上只能是researchers,因为volunteers’已经是所有格了,变为了形容词,不能被代词指代。但是they在逻辑上应该指的是志愿者。
首先,根据看大不看小原则,BC选项and前缺少谓语动词,这是绝对的语法错误,可以排除了,当然平常做题时还是要尽力把自己能找到的考点都找出来,以便让自己在考场的紧张环境下有的放矢,B选项中还有一处考点就是外延与内涵,find动词约束力若,显然不定式和从句相比较要选择从句,B错;D选项中while引导的是伴随状语,本题告诉我们伴随状语其实并不一定需要用逗号隔开,其实很好理解,伴随状语就是一个简化的状语从句,既然状语从句并不一定需要用逗号隔开,伴随状语自然也不用, 伴随状语的用法在语法上是没有任何错误的,但是D选项在逻辑上却不对,D选项的字面意思是:当研究者在考虑伦理困境的时候,研究者在发现...显然考虑伦理困境的应该是被研究者研究的志愿者,所以逻辑上不对,E错误同D,且E选项中逻辑上they应该指代志愿者,但E选项中的志愿者处于所有格中,其实质是一个形容词,而代词只能指代名词,所以指代错误
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