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题库 / OG2016-RC-15
When Jamaican-born social activist Marcus Garvey came to the United States in 1916, he arrived at precisely the right historical moment. What made the moment right was the return of African American soldiers from the First World War in 1918, which created an ideal constituency for someone with Garvey's message of unity, pride, and improved conditions for African American communities.
Hoping to participate in the traditional American ethos of individual success, many African American people entered the armed forces with enthusiasm, only to find themselves segregated from white troops and subjected to numerous indignities. They returned to a United States that was as segregated as it had been before the war. Considering similar experiences, anthropologist Anthony F. C. Wallace has argued that when a perceptible gap arises between a culture's expectations and the reality of that culture, the resulting tension can inspire a revitalization movement: an organized, conscious effort to construct a culture that fulfills long-standing expectations.
Some scholars have argued that Garvey created the consciousness from which he built, in the 1920s, the largest revitalization movement in African American history. But such an argument only tends to obscure the consciousness of identity, strength, and sense of history that already existed in the African American community. Garvey did not create this consciousness; rather, he gave this consciousness its political expression.
The passage suggests that many African American people responded to their experiences in the armed forces in which of the following ways?
They maintained as civilians their enthusiastic allegiance to the armed forces.
They questioned United States involvement in the First World War.
They joined political organizations to protest the segregation of African American troops and the indignities they suffered in the military.
They became aware of the gap between their expectations and the realities of American culture.
They repudiated Garvey's message of pride and unity.
题目分析：
文章细节题：非裔美籍是如何针对他们在军队里的经历做出回应的？
原文里提到他们归来后发现现状没有发生改变，而现实与理想的差距往往会催生运动。
选项分析：
A选项：他们保持着参军的热情：与原文相反。
B选项：他们质疑美军对一战的参与度：从原文可以看出他们是想通过参军得到认可的，所以不存在质疑一说。
C选项：他们参加政治组织来反抗：原文没有提到他们有没有参加政治组织。
D选项：正确。他们意识到了现实和预期的差异：与原文一致。
E选项：他们拒绝了G的思想：从原文推断他们是接受了G的思想。
这道题想复杂了。就是说黑人士兵原本在部队里，有很高的期待和热情。后来怎么样了？后来意识到了理想和现实的差距。
这道题要注意选项 C They joined political organizations to protest the segregation of African American troops and the indignities they suffered in the military.
有关African American troop的内容在第二段：Hoping to participate in the traditional American ethos of individual success, many African American people entered the armed forces with enthusiasm, only to find themselves segregated from white troops and subjected to numerous indignities. They returned to a United States that was as segregated as it had been before the war.
他们意识到理想与现实的差异。后面讲到的movement已经是与AA troop无关了。
在两个答案意思均均正确时，不选有质疑点的那个。
C选项：他们参加政治组织来反抗：原文没有提到他们有没有参加政治组织。
revitalization振兴
allegiance忠诚
has argued that when a perceptible gap arises between a culture's expectations and the reality of that culture, the resulting tension can inspire a revitalization movement
when a perceptible gap arises between a culture's expectations and the reality of that culture, the resulting tension can inspire a revitalization movement
Considering similar experiences...that when a perceptible gap arises between a culture's expectations and the reality of that culture
rebellion 谋反
错选C选项原因，曲解了词义，自己联想了， revitalization意思是复苏，指黑人思想意识的复苏，而不是谋反。
定位 Considering similar experiences, anthropologist Anthony F. C. Wallace has argued that when a perceptible gap arises between a culture's expectations and the reality of that culture, the resulting tension can inspire a revitalization movement: an organized, conscious effort to construct a culture that fulfills long-standing expectations.
A选项：civilian平民，受隔离和侮辱，他们的热情会被dampened，也不会show allegiance忠诚 to the armed forces.
B选项：即使他们受隔离和侮辱，推导不出来他们会质疑美国加入一战
C选项：军队中也许有这样的反隔离的组织，但是不实际；
D选项：返回的士兵会感到这种差距：对美国文化的期待和现实
E选项：repudiate拒绝接受，相反，文章说他们从一战回来便准备好了接受：Garvey's message of unity, pride,
C只是说有一个movement也许AA参与了，但并没有说他们是否加入某个政治组织。
allegiance忠诚
repudiate拒绝否定批判
when a perceptible gap arises between a culture's expectations and the reality of that culture, the resulting tension can inspire a revitalization movement: an organized, conscious effort to construct a culture that fulfills long-standing expectations.
C They joined political organizations to protest the segregation of African American troops and the indignities they suffered in the military.
和原文对比，差的太多
1.revitalization movement ≠political organizations
2.目的不同
to construct a culture≠to protest the segregation
D 原文说的是，期望和现实的差距会resulting tension can inspire a revitalization movement:
最后一段，的确发生了revitalization movement
说明前者的存在
b选项中加入organization的目的不是protest the segregation of African American troops and the indignities they suffered in the military而是 to construct a culture that fulfills long-standing expectations.
感觉文章没有提及黑人是否有参加任何政治运动，只说Mg发起了史上最大的黑人revitalization movement，谁参加不知道都，不能判断出是黑军人参加了
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定位：Considering similar experiences, anthropologist Anthony F. C. Wallace has argued that when a perceptible gap arises between a culture's expectations and the reality of that culture, the resulting tension can inspire a revitalization movement:
细节2，用armed force定位，略作推论