Political theorist: Even with the best spies, area experts, and satellite surveillance, foreign policy assessments can still lack important information. In such circumstances intuitive judgment is vital. A national leader with such judgment can make good decisions about foreign policy even when current information is incomplete, since _____________.

Which of the following, if true, most logically completes the argument?


the central reason for failure in foreign policy decision making is the absence of critical information.

those leaders whose foreign policy decisions have been highly ranked have also been found to have good intuitive judgment.

both intuitive judgment and good information are required for sound decision making.

good foreign policy decisions often lead to improved methods of gathering information.

intuitive judgment can produce good decisions based on past experience, even when there are important gaps in current information.

考题讲解

情景:就算有各种优势,现在的外国政策评估还是会缺乏重要信息。在这样的环境中直观判断就非常重要。一个拥有这样直观判断的国家领导人可以在信息不全的情况下做出好的判断。

推理:本题十分简单,只需要答案选项能直接解释为什么国家领导人可以在信息不全的情况下做出判断即可。

选题方式:类似这种只需要解释一句话或者一个词的题目一定要做到灵活判断,不需判断推理方式,直接理解意思选择选项即可。

选项分析:

A选项:外国政策决定失败的核心原因是缺乏重要信息。若本选项成立,那么领导者在缺乏信息的情况下就更难做出好的决定了。

B选项:那些外国政策决定排名很高的领导者也被发现拥有很好的直观判断力。本选项无法解释为什么好的直观判断力可以在缺乏一些信息的情况下就做出好的决策。

C选项:无论是直观判断还是好的信息都被正确的决定所需要。要解释的就是为什么好的信息有的时候可以不需要,因此显然本选项和题目无关。

D选项:好的政策决定经常会带来进步的收集信息的方法。本选项和直观判断无关。

E选项:Correct. 直观判断可以基于过去的经验做出好的决策,就算是有一些信息的缺乏。本选项直接解释了为什么一个拥有这样直观判断的国家领导人可以在信息不全的情况下做出好的判断,非常明显的正确答案。

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