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题库 / Prep2007E1-CR-66
Bank depositors in the United States are all financially protected against bank failure because the government insures all individuals' bank deposits. An economist argues that this insurance is partly responsible for the high rate of bank failures, since it removes from depositors any financial incentive to find out whether the bank that holds their money is secure against failure. If depositors were more selective, then banks would need to be secure in order to compete for depositors' money.
The economist's argument makes which of the following assumptions?
Bank failures are caused when big borrowers default on loan repayments.
A significant proportion of depositors maintain accounts at several different banks.
The more a depositor has to deposit, the more careful he or she tends to be in selecting a bank.
The difference in the interest rates paid to depositors by different banks is not a significant factor in bank failures.
Potential depositors are able to determine which banks are secure against failure.
文章后面都属于前提，结论是this insurance is partly responsible for the high rate of bank failures。
if depositors were more selective和 banks would need to be secure in order to compete for depositors’ money 有gap，e选项补充，使前提更完善
compete for 争取，为……而竞争
compete with/against，与……竞争
be secure，安全的，可靠的，稳定的；
insure，投保
insurance，保险
P: 如果储户更有选择性得挑选银行-> C:银行就不得不更谨慎，为了竞争储户的积蓄
choice e, 储户有能力分辨出哪些银行有抵抗失败风险的能力。correct-> 如果没有能力分辨，储户挑选了半天还是有可能选到能倒闭的一家
partly responsible 保险只是部分责任，不是全部责任，就说明确实有其他原因也导致银行破产。则D已经属于题干考虑过的内容了，不能再考虑。
Depositor知道如何区分银行是否安全，有了这个提前，银行才会努力变得secure，如果没有，银行没有必要competent to be secure.
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Premise：this insurance is partly responsible for the high rate of bank failures, since it removes from depositors any financial incentive to find out whether the bank that holds their money is secure against failure.
Conclusion：If depositors were more selective, then banks would need to be secure in order to compete for depositors' money.
补出Gap：E项弥补了前提到结论之间的gap，就是建立在depositors能够辨别出是否secure
排除他因：D项中排除了一个原因，就是其他导致银行破产的原因。但是题目很严谨，已经说是，这只是其中的部分原因，所以D项有违题干想考察的内容了。
D选项是 interest is not a factor in BANK FAILURE 不是 DEPOSITORS SELECTIONS
因果，因果相關性
如果存款人更selective-----那么银行就要保证secure-----才能compete来存款人的money
但是缺少一个前提，就是存款人能否辨别出哪家银行secure哪家不secure吗？如果他们连这个都不能分辨，看不出来哪家更secure，也就无所谓selective，无所谓银行要保证secure了，反正你也看不出来。
所以选项的意思是：潜在的存款人能够“确定”哪个银行更安全，不容易破产。提供了这个前提。