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题库 / Prep2007E1-SC-124
Whereas the use of synthetic fertilizers has greatly expanded agricultural productivity in many parts of the world, an increase in their use can create serious environmental problems such as water pollution, and their substitution for more traditional fertilizers may accelerate soil structure deterioration and soil erosion.
an increase in their use can create serious environmental problems such as water pollution, and their substitution for more traditional fertilizers
an increase in their use can create serious environmental problems like water pollution, and if substituted for more traditional fertilizers, it
if these fertilizers are used increasingly, they can create serious environmental problems such as water pollution, and if used as substitutions for more traditional fertilizers, they
the increased usage of these fertilizers can create serious environmental problems such as water pollution, while if substituted for more traditional fertilizers, this substitution
the increased usage of these fertilizers can create serious environmental problems like water pollution, while their substitution for more traditional fertilizers
C. if used as substitutions for…, 这意味了肥料它们本身是substitutions，that doesn’t make sense; substitution通常是用一个事物取代另一个事物的过程，并不是一个事物本身。E.g. Correct: I exchanged my rental car for a truck. Incorrect: This truck was an exchange for my rental car.
D. while if substituted for more traditional fertilizers, 主语变成了this substitution，明显不对. While的使用也不对，因为没有对比，应该是并列用and连接
E. while使用问题同D。
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但是这个usage是increased的呀，不仅仅是usage登录 或 注册 后可以参加讨论
C，they指代不当，造成严重环境问题的不应该是化肥，而是加速使用化肥这一行为
D，while if substituted 的主语是substitution，这会很混乱；此外while在这里的转折也是无必要的
A correct
B it无正确的指代对象
C 肥料造成问题，并且肥料加速破坏，if used as substitutions for more traditional fertilizers, they may accelerate soil structure deterioration and soil erosion. They指代fertilizers used as substitutions这意味着肥料是替代
D 使用造成问题，当替代加速破话的时候；用量造成问题，尽管替代加速破坏。句意不合逻辑
而且if substituted for more traditional fertilizers, this substitution may accelerate soil structure deterioration and soil erosion. 是一句话, substituted的主语是this substitution, 不合逻辑
E 同D
A没什么问题先保留；
C, they指的是these fertilizers，逻辑错误，应该是 他们的 increase 才create serious environmental problems；
D, the increased usage 和后面的if substituted不对应，错误；
D、while if substituted for more traditional fertilizers, this substitution的表达实在是太redundancy了，而且while if substituted 的动作发出者应该是 fertilizers，而不是usage
C、篡改句意，substitutions 指的是traditional的
Luci correctly points out a distinction between "such as" and "like" in the answers. Such as means "for example" - like means "similar to." (In everyday spoken language, people use "like" as the default now - but that's grammatically incorrect.) Eliminate B and E. (B also has a pronoun error - "it" refers to a plural noun.)
C messes up the contrast I want to make by starting with "if these fertilizers." Also generally kind of awkward / wordy, but only use that as a tiebreak.
The problem with D lies at the end of the choice: "while if substituted for more traditional fertilizers, this substitution..." Notice the first part of that, before the comma - it never actually mentions what is being substituted, either via a noun or pronoun. This is a modifying clause. The modifier is meant to modify "synthetic fertilizers" which is a noun, so this is a noun modifier - and noun modifiers must touch the noun they modify. But "this substitution" follows the comma, not "synthetic fertilizers" (or some other noun or pronoun that refers to synthetic fertilizers). No good. Eliminate D.
Which leaves us with A. Notice that A doesn't sound particularly good. But there's nothing grammatically wrong with it... It's not uncommon for A to sound not-so-good when it is the right answer - otherwise, how would they get someone to cross off A when it's right, especially on a hard question?
C: fertilizer can create problems. X
B: if (it is) substituted for..., it may ...， 这里it不对，应该是复数指代synthetic fertilizers.
in this choice, you're saying, weirdly enough, that 'this substitution' is 'substituted' for more traditional fertilizers.
把握核心词，C中they 指代the use of sythetic fertilizers， 但原句想要表达的不是化肥的使用会 造成不好的影响，而是加速使用（an increase)会带来问题！
D 错误 if省略了主语，逻辑主语应该是this substitution 不合理
C 错误 化肥本身不会导致环境问题，只有化肥使用量增加才会
原文意思： 使用化肥极大地扩大了农业产量， 化肥的使用也会导致环境污染并且化肥的使用也会加速土壤的恶化。
题目分析： 原文有一个并列关系，就是化肥的使用会导致 A 和 B 两种结果，A 选项 and 前后写的比较对应，留着。B 选项 and 后面跟 if substituted，和前面无法对应，干掉。C 选项 and 后面也用 if 和前面不对应，干掉。D 后面用 if substituted 和前面不对应，杀。E while 后面用their substitution 前面用 increase usage， 如果这么写就是 usage 和后面的 substitution对应了，我强调的意思是化肥使用的增加和化肥代替传统饲料，是 increase 和后面的substitution 形成对应，E 虽然语法写的比较对应，但是对应的地方错了，杀！