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题库 / Prep2007E1-SC-139
On Earth, among the surest indications of sunspot cycles are believed to be the rate that trees grow, as seen in the rings visible in the cross sections of their trunks.
On Earth, among the surest indications of sunspot cycles are believed to be the rate that trees grow
On Earth, among the surest indications of sunspot cycles are, it is believed, the rate of tree growth
On Earth, the rate at which trees grow is believed to be among the surest indications of sunspot cycles
Among the surest indications on Earth of sunspot cycles, believed to be the tree growth rate
Among the surest indications on Earth of sunspot cycles is believed to be the rate at which trees grow
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树木生长的速度被认为是地球上太阳黑子周期最可靠的迹象之一
(A) among倒装，主语应该是the rate，所以应该用单数is。
(B) among倒装，主语应该是the rate，所以应该用单数is；tree应该用复数，使未划线部分的their有 一致的指代对象。
(C) on earth 放置句首修饰整个句子，不符合逻辑；their 的指代存在歧义，离它最近的是 sunspot cycles，未划线部分的 as seen 应该要紧跟其修饰的名词。
(D) tree应该用复数，使未划线部分的their有一致的指代对象；谓语结构不完整，应该用is believed被动语态。
(E) 正确，on Earth修饰indications，主语是the rate，谓语动词用单数is。
on earth是一方面，但不是硬伤。硬伤来自于后面 as seen的修饰对象。as seen说的是“正如（我们在）树桩上的年轮所看到的那样”。从语义上，应该修饰树的成长，把句子还原就是，trees grow at the rate as seen in the rings visible in the cross sections of their trunks. 树木增长的速度，从树桩上年轮的圈上可见一斑。
C选项，使得as seen的修饰对象变成了sunspot cycles，语义完全错误了。
as seen做伴随状语逻辑主语在C和E中都是trees吧 从这点上来说C不存在问题
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as seen过去分词作伴随状语，逻辑主语是主句主语the rate at which trees grow，这点C/E都是合理的
C，on earth作主句状语，修饰谓语动词is believed，意为在地球上，树木的生长速率被认为是最可靠的迹象之一（那么在月球上就不这么认为了？）；E，on earth作indications的定语，是地球上最可靠的指标之一，ok
some things wrong with c:
* the placement of 'on earth' is just as problematic as in choice a (again, the sentence seems to be saying that residents of other planets disagree with us).
* 'as seen in the rings...' is a modifier that must be placed next to the thing that it modifies, which is 'the rate at which trees grow'. the way choice c is currently written, it says that indications of sunspot cycles can be seen directly in the rings - and it also implies that sunspot cycles (instead of trees) have rings!
树木生长的速度被认为是地球上太阳黑子周期最可靠的迹象之一the rate at which trees grow is believed to be among the surest indications of sunspot cycles.
(A) among倒装，主语应该是the rate，所以应该用单数is。
(B) among倒装，主语应该是the rate，所以应该用单数is；tree应该用复数，使未划线部分的their有 一致的指代对象。
(C) on earth 放置句首修饰整个句子，不符合逻辑；their 的指代存在歧义，离它最近的是 sunspot cycles，未划线部分的 as seen 应该要紧跟其修饰的名词。
(D) tree应该用复数，使未划线部分的their有一致的指代对象；谓语结构不完整，应该用is believed被动语态。
(E) 正确，on Earth修饰indications，主语是the rate，谓语动词用单数is。
among的倒装，如果把is....放在最后，会出现头重脚轻的情况。
倒装句，看了答案才明白
遇到这道题，真的是死得其所了···
among是介词，放在前面显然是一个倒装句，真正的主语应该是the rate，所以企图将 the surest indications of sunspot cycles 当成主语 后面谓语用复数形式的都错；排除AB；（D顺带排除一下，句子结构混乱）
然后看CE，C on earth 的说法我觉得有点勉强，或者换句话说，在实战里面很难在2min内判断；
不如从语法解释，as seen ....正如被看到的xxx，什么被看到，如果是C，就是sunspot cycles····显然不对的；直接排除C
这题我觉得是我遇到的最难的，老师讲完我还没明白。
正常语序：the rate at which trees grow is believed to be among the surest indications of sunspot cycles.
AB: 主谓不一致，不能用are，要用is。
D: 没有谓语动词。
剩下C和E: C里边on Earth做状语修饰is believed动作，这动作发生在地球上；D里边on Earth做定语修饰indications，太阳黑子周期在地球上最确切的表现。作定语更合理。
第二次错！ C选项 as seen in the rings visible... 应该指的是树木的生长，可以从年轮看到，不应该是修饰sunspot cycles！ 而且on earth修饰了believed也错
Among the surest indications on Earth of sunspot cycles is believed to be the rate at which trees grow
=the rate at which trees grow is believed among the surest indications of sunspot cycles on Earth
among倒装，主语应该是the rate，所以应该用单数is
on earth 放置句首修饰整个句子，不符合逻辑，这里修饰动词believe是不对的
［倒装］
(A) among倒装，主语应该是the rate，所以应该用单数is。
(B) among倒装，主语应该是the rate，所以应该用单数is；tree应该用复数，使未划线部分的their有 一致的指代对象。
(C) on earth 放置句首修饰整个句子，不符合逻辑；their 的指代存在歧义，离它最近的是 sunspot cycles，未划线部分的 as seen 应该要紧跟其修饰的名词。
(D) tree应该用复数，使未划线部分的their有一致的指代对象；谓语结构不完整，应该用is believed被动语态。
(E) 正确，on Earth修饰indications，主语是the rate，谓语动词用单数is。
c, 逗号后解释前面，应该紧跟rate
Among the surest indications on Earth of sunspot cycles is believed to be the rate at which trees grow
=the rate at which trees grow is believed among the surest indications of sunspot cycles on Earth
［倒装］
(A) among倒装，主语应该是the rate，所以应该用单数is。
(B) among倒装，主语应该是the rate，所以应该用单数is；tree应该用复数，使未划线部分的their有 一致的指代对象。
(C) on earth 放置句首修饰整个句子，不符合逻辑；their 的指代存在歧义，离它最近的是 sunspot cycles，未划线部分的 as seen 应该要紧跟其修饰的名词。
(D) tree应该用复数，使未划线部分的their有一致的指代对象；谓语结构不完整，应该用is believed被动语态。
(E) 正确，on Earth修饰indications，主语是the rate，谓语动词用单数is。
C
* the placement of 'on earth' again, the sentence seems to be saying that residents of other planets disagree with us).
* 'as seen in the rings...' is a modifier that must be placed next to the thing that it modifies, which is 'the rate at which trees grow'. the way choice c is currently written, it says that indications of sunspot cycles can be seen directly in the rings - and it also implies that sunspot cycles (instead of trees) have rings!
Among the indications作状语放在句首，句子用倒装
Among the indications作状语放在句首，它并不是主语，主语是the rate at which trees grow，所以谓语动词用is
as seen in the rings，as作从属连词+过去分词只能作伴随状语，其逻辑主语是trees；状语离被修饰部分越近越好，所以E优于C
E,Among the surest indications on Earth of sunspot cycles is believed to be the rate at which trees grow翻译起来并不是在太阳黑子周期最可靠的迹象里的(都）被认为是树木的生长速度，翻译的时候需要恢复主语在句首的位置，树木生长的速度被认为是地球上太阳黑子周期最可靠的迹象之一，跟C句的主干部分表达的意思是一样的。
对于C vs E的解释，请问 seen所在的这个句子作伴随状语不是修饰整个主句吗？为什么需要离trees更近呢
看语意
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Among the surest indications on Earth of sunspot cycles is believed to be the rate at which trees grow
=the rate at which trees grow is believed among the surest indications of sunspot cycles on Earth
树木生长的速度被认为是地球上太阳黑子周期最可靠的迹象之一
倒装
Among the surest indications on Earth of sunspot cycles is believed to be the rate at which trees grow
=the rate at which trees grow is believed among the surest indications of sunspot cycles on Earth
树木生长的速度被认为是地球上太阳黑子周期最可靠的迹象之一
the rate is believed among ……，among介宾作状语，修饰believed，
E状语在句首，谓语动词全部置于主语之前，构成全部倒装；也有谓语动词的部分或助动词置于主语之前，构成部分倒装的用法，如：Never have I seen such a performance.