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题库 / Prep2007E1-SC-154
Some patients who do not respond to therapies for depression may simply have received inadequate treatment, having, for example, been prescribed a drug at a dosage too low to be effective or having been taken off a drug too soon.
having, for example, been prescribed a drug at a dosage too low to be effective or having been
having, for example, a drug prescription that was ineffective because the dosage was too low, or being
as, for example, having too low of a dosage of a prescribed drug for it to be effective, or being
when they have, for example, been prescribed too low a drug dosage to be effective, or were
for example, when they have a drug prescription with a dosage too low to be effective, or been
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一、必错
1.having done和having been done都不是动名词结构，因此不能充当名词成分！
所以SC中，如果这两个结构做主语、宾语等，必错！
2.having done和having been done做后置定语，必错！
having done做后置定语，一般都要改成相应的定语从句
having been done做后置定语，一般都要改成相应的done做过去分词，或者改成定语从句
3.having done和having been done用于“with独立主格”中必错！
指with+sb/sth+having done/having been done这种情况
二、可用但一定要慎用
做状语
having done和having been done都可以做伴随状语，并不是必错。但一定要注意，句子中明确地有“现在完成时”这种意思时，才可以这么用，否则基本都错。
被老头们虐到不行的我，已经练就了肌肉记忆，见到having done 就杀，结果在这还是完美的让我翻车了。。
真牛逼
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b: ineffective 修饰prescription错误
c: as作为连词后面要跟完整的句子，不能跟独立主格
de: when当...时；伴随状语having 在...之后
一、必错
1.having done和having been done都不是动名词结构，因此不能充当名词成分！
所以SC中，如果这两个结构做主语、宾语等，必错！
2.having done和having been done做后置定语，必错！
having done做后置定语，一般都要改成相应的定语从句
having been done做后置定语，一般都要改成相应的done做过去分词，或者改成定语从句
3.having done和having been done用于“with独立主格”中必错！
指with+sb/sth+having done/having been done这种情况
二、可用但一定要慎用
做状语
having done和having been done都可以做伴随状语，并不是必错。但一定要注意，句子中明确地有“现在完成时”这种意思时，才可以这么用，否则基本都错。
choice b "having" + "was ineffective" doesn't make sense.
"having" adopts the same timeframe as the rest of the sentence -- which is the present (we can discern this by noticing that the sentence is talking about patients who do not respond). however, "was ineffective" seems to suggest that the prescription was ineffective sometime in the past.
taken together, these two contexts seem to indicate that the patient is, for some reason, holding onto an old prescription that was ineffective.
choice c would be incorrect because of Parallelism as well. Note that "as" creates a comparison, which is a special case of P-ism. Here the "as" connects "having too low a dosage" with "treatment." The same is the case with E, in a way, as the example give is not an example of a "treatment."
in choice d
1. "It" is ambiguous (original sentence without "It" sounds better)
2. Lack of parallelism "have been" not parallel to "were"
3. "too low a drug dosage" sounds awkwardly at least.
Choice d and e："when" doesn't really work, because the sentence is talking about the things that are actually examples of inappropriate treatment.
伴随状语和时间状语都是修饰recevie,所以所有选项都没有错误，问题在于时态四个都不对。原句的逻辑是在两个情况下，会不充分治疗。而 patients being taken of; patients were taken of ; patients have a prescription 都发生在have received inadequate treatment之后，而逻辑上应该发生在不充分治疗之前，或同时
考点：平行
A having been ....or having been...结构平行，正确
B or前后不平行
C as多余，or前后不平行
D 不平行
E 不平行
m
选项B结构混乱，一个主动一个被动
C as后面应该接一个完整的句子
DE 中when引导的是时间状语从句，不是举例子！
错选了D 我纠结在我觉得for example之后应该是平行的，事实上for example是插入语，可以省略，剩下的句子结构需要保持平行
（A）or前后have been和have been平行
（B）ineffective修饰drug prescription是不对的，不是说这个方案就是无效的，只是剂量用的有问题（句意！！！！）
（C）as后面跟句子
（D）or前后时态不一致
（E）or前后不平行
choice c, as作为连词后面要跟完整的句子，不能跟独立主格
choice a,b: 独立主格作为解释receive inadequate treatment. 核心词的变化: a, have been prescibed a drug; b, have a drug prescription
choice d,e: when时间状语从句，意思是同时发生。而choice a,b: 独立主格作为解释说明。 在这里作为解释说明更加贴合语意
同是状语，用 “when” 引导和 “，having” 引导表达意思不同。A：被开过低剂量的药【之后】他们没有接受充分的治疗； D： 被开过低剂量的药【时】他们没有接受充分的治疗
又选错b
语意：Right:patients are prescribed a drug;Wrong:patients have a prescription of a drug
选项B结构混乱，一个主动一个被动
C as后面应该接一个完整的句子
DE 中when引导的是时间状语从句，不是举例子！
D：时间状语从句不对，另外， for example不能把从句隔开； E同理时间状语从句不对，同时When they have a prescription也不对，应该是他们拿到了剂量太少的处方
The second "there are..." isn't strictly necessary. Without it, you'd have a sentence with the same structure as "In most countries, there are as many men as women."
Its primary value lies in making the sentence easier to read.
This is not an issue of right and wrong"”it's a style issue"”and so it will never be dispositive in a real problem. Still, you should know it's a thing.
选项B结构混乱，一个主动一个被动
C as后面应该接一个完整的句子
DE 中when引导的是时间状语从句，不是举例子！