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题库 / Prep2007E2-CR-13
An unusually severe winter occurred in Europe after the continent was blanketed by a blue haze resulting from the eruption of the Laki Volcano in the European republic of Iceland in the summer of 1984. Thus, it is evident that major eruptions cause the atmosphere to become cooler than it would be otherwise.
Which of the following statements, if true, most seriously weakens the argument above?
The cooling effect triggered by volcanic eruptions in 1985 was counteracted by an unusual warming of Pacific waters.
There is a strong statistical link between volcanic eruptions and the severity of the rainy season in India.
A few months after El Chichn's large eruption in April 1982, air temperatures throughout the region remained higher than expected, given the long-term weather trends.
The climatic effects of major volcanic eruptions can temporarily mask the general warming trend resulting from an excess of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
Three months after an early springtime eruption in South America during the late 19th century, sea surface temperatures near the coast began to fall.
本题的主要目的就是找到选项反驳：“ it is evident that major eruptions cause the atmosphere to become cooler than it would be otherwise.“因此要找到说明火山爆发与天气寒冷无关的选项。
A. 选项中提到the cooling effect triggered by volcanic eruption in 1985，所以这句话默认了火山爆发会有制冷效应，方向相反。
B. 选项只说了两者之间存在统计关联，并没有说是正相关还是负相关，而且雨季和气温之间存在怎样的关系并不清楚，所以在缺乏其他信息的情况下，仅通过B选项无法判断火山爆发和气温变化之间的关系。
C. 该选项简言之就是1982年的火山爆发导致了气温升高。联系文段：1984年一个地方的火山爆发导致了气温降低；而1982年另外一个地方的火山爆发却导致了气温升高。同样是火山爆发，结果一个是气温升高，一个是气温降低，同因异果削弱了火山爆发和气温降低之间的关系，所以C是正确答案。
D. 和A选项类似，D选项暗示了火山爆发会引起气候变冷，所以方向相反。
E. 在另一个地方，火山爆发也是导致了周边气温的下降，加强了火山爆发和气温下降之间的相关性，所以E不对。
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