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题库 / Prep2007E2-SC-130
The 151 member governments of the World Bank are expected to increase the bank's funding by $75 billion, though some United States legislators cite an obstacle to congressional passage being the concern that the bank's loans will help foreign producers compete with American businesses.
an obstacle to congressional passage being the concern
a concern as an obstacle to congressional passage
as an obstacle to congressional passage the concern
the concern, an obstacle to congressional passage,
as an obstacle for Congress to pass it the concern
题目分析：
本题最大的难点在于识别倒装句，答案选项C的正常语序为：
United States legislators cite the concern as an obstacle to congressional passage.
意思是，美国立法者声称这个担心是国会通过的一个障碍。
选项分析：
A选项：分词短语being concern that the bank's loans will help foreign producers compete with American businesses只能做congressional passage的定语，但是本题的意思是美国国会声明（cite）一个担心，而不是声明一个障碍。
B选项：划线部分身后的同位语从句that the bank's loans will help foreign producers compete with American businesses应该修饰的对象是concern，即，是担心贷款帮助了外国的商业。因此，该同位语从句应直接放在concern身后，不能放在passage身后。
C选项：Correct. 本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的。
D选项：an obstacle to congressional passage变成了the concern的同位语。但显然地，concern并非本身就是an obstacle，而是美国立法者将concern声明为一个障碍，即，obstacle必须作为宾语的补足语。
E选项：不定式短语for Congress to pass it需改为名词短语congressional passage，这点考查了不定式和名词的区别，用之于本题，显然地，pass是obstacle的定语，主句“声明一个障碍”的发生不会直接影响“国会通过法案”这件事的发生与否（因为声明有障碍和国会通过法案之间没有必然联系，例如，我声明我考GMAT有难度，这并不代表我不打算考GMAT嘛）。
"being" in (a) is not only unnecessary, but also not used idiomatically.
in general, "being" can be used in some instances where you're talking about X (specific) being a Y (general).
for instance, jake did not enjoy being a graduate student.
notice that the GENERAL category - graduate student - follows "being". the SPECIFIC (jake) doesn't.
you can't do this in reverse.
this choice tries to use the specific (the particular concern) after "being", rather than the general category (an obstacle to congressional passage). regardless of whether the usage of "being" is appropriate otherwise (which, here, it isn't anyway), you can't do that.
(b) breaks up "a concern" from "that the bank’s loans will help...". once that modifier is divorced from "a concern", it is no longer clear exactly what is the concern.
also, "a concern" is problematic. since the sentence cites one very specific concern, it should say "the concern".
(d) first, there's a change in meaning by setting "an obstacle to congressional passage" off in commas. It makes it a nonessential modifier, but this fact is necessary to the meaning of the sentence. the core of that clause becomes "legislators cite the concern" and we lose the important "as an obstacle" piece.
second -- look at the placement of the modifiers.
"that the bank's loans with..." should immediately follow "the concern", since that is what it modifies.
similarly, "as an obstacle..." should be as close as possible to "cite", because that's what it modifies.
in the correct answer, both of these modifiers are placed immediately next to the things that they're supposed to modify; in (d), both constructions are needlessly separated.
(e) the problem with (e) is"it". it's not ambiguous, though; it actually doesn't refer to anything at all. there's no noun in there, anywhere, to which "it" can refer.
("Ambiguous", in reference to pronouns, is used to refer to a pronoun that has 2 or more possible antecedents, not to refer to a noun that has no possible antecedent.)
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