The Kwakiutl recognized one social unit larger than the tribe--the confederacy, which was a cluster of loosely knit, informally related neighboring tribes who interacted with themselves more often than between other tribes.
tribes who interacted with themselves more often than between
tribes who interacted among each other more often than among
tribes who interacted with one another more often than with
tribes, interacting among each other more often than between
tribes, interacting among one another more often than with
(d) and (e) contain a COMMA + -ING modifier that is used incorrectly.
a COMMA + -ING modifier is an adverbial modifier that modifies the entire clause to which it's attached, and is attributed to the subject of that clause.
in this context, you only want to modify the preceding noun ("tribes"), so COMMA + -ING is inappropriate.
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