Ozone, a special form of oxygen that screens out harmful ultraviolet rays, reaches high concentrations twelve miles above Earth, where it has long appeared that it was immune from human influence; we have now realized, though, that emissions of industrial chlorofluorocarbons deplete the ozone layer.
has long appeared that it was immune from
has long appeared to have been immune from
has long appeared as being immune to
had long appeared immune to
had long appeared that it was immune to
Know your tenses:
Have/has = present perfect (started in the past and continues until now)
Had = past perfect (happened before another event in the past)
1. You need a past tense in order to use the past perfect (I had studied for three years before I took my GMAT).
2. The usage of past and present perfect tenses could work, but again, you need a simple past to say when something started in the past (I had studied for three years before I took my GMAT, but since then I have not wanted to study).
3. The biggest error in the sentence (I have received a high score in GMAT because I had prepared hard for it" is wrong) is meaning: receiving a high score is a one time event (past) not a continuing event (present perfect).
登录 或 注册 后可以参加讨论