Excavations of the Roman city of Sepphoris have uncovered numerous detailed mosaics depicting several readily identifiable animal species: a hare, a partridge, and various Mediterranean fish. Oddly, most of the species represented did not live in the Sepphoris region when these mosaics were created. Since identical motifs appear in mosaics found in other Roman cities, however, the mosaics of Sepphoris were very likely created by traveling artisans from some other part of the Roman Empire.

Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?


The Sepphoris mosaics are not composed exclusively of types of stones found naturally in the Sepphoris area.

There is no single region to which all the species depicted in the Sepphoris mosaics are native.

No motifs appear in the Sepphoris mosaics that do not also appear in the mosaics of some other Roman city.

All of the animal figures in the Sepphoris mosaics are readily identifiable as representations of known species.

There was not a common repertory of mosaic designs with which artisans who lived in various parts of the Roman Empire were familiar.

考题讲解

情景:古罗马的Sepphoris城发现了很多宝贝,但是这些宝贝上画的动物好像都不在Sepphoris生活。由此考古学家们得出一个结论:这些宝贝一定是那些旅游到Sepphoris的艺术家们创造的。

推理:

前提:古罗马的Sepphoris城发现了很多宝贝上画的动物都不生活在Sepphoris
结论:宝贝们是那些旅游到Sepphoris的艺术家们创造的 

答案预估:

其它能解释为何“很多宝贝上画的动物都不生活在Sepphoris”的原因不存在。
“宝贝们是那些旅游到Sepphoris的艺术家们创造的”的其它必要条件(常理上能保真推理出的一切结果)。


选项分析:

A选项:Sepphoris的镶嵌工艺品不是完全由天然发现于Sepphoris这个地区的石头组成的。无论这些镶嵌工艺品由什么组成,都和推理文段无关,可以排除。

B选项:没有一个地方是所有Sepphoris的镶嵌工艺品描绘的物种都是那里的土著物种。本选项和推理文段没有关系,可以排除。

C选项:任何一个出现在Sepphoris的镶嵌工艺品中的图案也出现在其他的罗马城市中。本选项讨论的是镶嵌工艺品的图案是什么样子,和推理文段没有关系,可以排除。

D选项:
所有在Sepphoris的镶嵌工艺品中出现的动物形象都是已知物种。本选项和(C)相同,都是讨论图案问题,可以排除。

E选项:
Correct. 没有一个住在罗马各个地方的人都拥有的普遍的镶嵌工艺设计范本。假设有这样一个范本,那么显然就可以给出“古罗马的Sepphoris城发现了很多镶嵌工艺品上画的动物都不生活在Sepphoris”另外的一个原因,即,这些动物都是人照着范本上画的,不是其他城市的人画的。

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