Many people suffer an allergic reaction to sulfites, including those that are commonly added to wine as preservatives. However, since there are several winemakers producing wine to which no sulfites are added, those who would like to drink wine but are allergic to sulfites can drink these wines without risking an allergic reaction to sulfites.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?


Sulfites occur naturally in most wine.

The sulfites that can produce an allergic reaction are also commonly found in beverages other than wine.

Wines without added sulfites tend to be at least moderately expensive.

Apart from sulfites, there are other substances commonly present in wine that can trigger allergic reactions.

Wine without added sulfites sometimes becomes undrinkable even before the wine is sold to consumers.

考题讲解

情景:很多人喜欢喝酒,但是不能喝。这是因为酒中含有一种硫化物,它会让很多人出现过敏反应。现在好了,因为有些酿酒商提供了一些不添加硫化物的酒,所以这些会过敏的人终于可以不用害怕过敏了。

推理:

前提:酒中不会额外添加亚硫酸盐

结论:那些喜欢喝酒但是害怕受到亚硫酸盐过敏的人可以不用冒着过敏的风险喝酒


答案预估:

那些对硫酸过敏的人喝酒会不过敏的其它必要条件(常理上能保真推理出的一切结果)不存在。


选项分析:

A选项:Correct. 亚硫酸盐类在大部分酒中是自然就有的。本选项成立,那么即使酒中不额外添加亚硫酸盐,那么酒中依然含有亚硫酸盐,因此喝酒的人就依然会过敏。要想不过敏,必须要求酒里没有硫化物。本选项指明了结论的另一个必要条件不存在。

B选项:亚硫酸盐带来的过敏反应在喝除掉酒之外的其他饮料中也很常见。别的饮料的情况,和本题的结论没有关系。

C选项:不加亚硫酸盐的酒至少不会过度的贵。酒的贵贱问题和本题结论完全无关(结论讨论的是喝了酒之后会不会过敏的问题)。

D选项:
除了亚硝酸盐外,酒中含有的其他成分可能会带来更严重的过敏症状。本选项具有较高的迷惑性。请注意本题的结论,即,那些喜欢喝酒但是害怕受到亚硫酸盐过敏的人可以不用冒着过敏的风险喝酒。结论中的过敏,特指受到亚硫酸盐过敏,因此,其他的成分就算可以导致喝酒的人过敏,也不是受到亚硫酸盐的过敏,因此本选项和结论无关。

E选项:
不加亚硫酸盐做防腐剂的酒经常在还没来得及售卖给顾客前就已经变的不能喝了。本选项和结论中讨论的过敏没有关系,可以排除。

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Prep2008E1-CR

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