United States Senator Daniel Inouye was appointed to several posts within the Democratic party during his first term, that included assistant majority whip and vice-chair of the Democratic Senatorial Committee.
that included
which includes
including
some of which were
among them being
题目分析:
本题需要充分掌握定语从句和分词短语的概念。另外,非限定性定语从句要用which引导,而限定性定语从句要用that引导。
选项分析:
A选项:首先,由于定语从句that included assistant majority whip and vice-chair of the Democratic Senatorial Committee身前有逗号,所以其必然为非限定性定语从句。在语法上,非限定性定语从句不能用连词that引导。另外,include的时态也有错误。在逻辑上,虽然DI是一个存在于过去的人,但是他担任过的职位应该是一个客观的事实(事实不同于事件,事实是没有发生时间的,是一直存在的),不存在于时空之中,应该用一般现在时。
B选项:根据句意,定语从句应该修饰several posts,即,复数。应将includes改为include。
C选项:Correct。本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的。including assistant majority whip and vice-chair of the Democratic Senatorial Committee此处是介词短语,因为including是介词(这和绝大多数的ving不同,大部分的ving都是分词)。ing短语在句末,除了可以充当伴随状语之外,还可以充当定语,本题中including短语即为posts的定语。
D选项:some of which的意思是“这里面的某些”。而include表示的是“包括”。如果我们用include,则这些职位有可能就两个,也有可能是两个以上。例如,如果说:“汽车包括奔驰和宝马”,则我们不知道汽车是否还有别的品牌,有可能有,也有可能没有。但如果用some of which(其中的一些),则其表示职位(posts)肯定不止assistant majority whip和vice-chair of the Democratic Senatorial Committee这两个。在逻辑上,我们无从得知DI是否还有其它的职位,因此应该用inculude。
E选项:among表示三者或三者以上,该错误同选项(B)。
d) is incorrect because it misuses a "which" construction.
all constructions built on preposition + "which" - such as of which, from which, some of which, with which, etc. - must be used in the same way as "which" itself.
in this case, the "which" is trying to refer to "several posts", which is way too far away from the comma to be acceptable.
if this is really a gmat problem, then the quality of those problems is declining at an alarming rate (or the problem writers were asleep, drunk, etc. when they wrote this problem ... ugh)
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