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题库 / Prep2008E1-SC-230
Turning away from literary realism to write romantic stories about the peasant life and landscape of northern Sweden, in 1909 Selma Lagerlöf was the novelist who became the first woman and was also the first Swedish writer to win the Nobel Prize for Literature.
Turning away from literary realism to write romantic stories about the peasant life and landscape of northern Sweden, in 1909 Selma Lagerlöf was the novelist who became the first woman and was also the first Swedish writer to win
She turned away from literary realism and wrote romantic stories about the peasant life and landscape of northern Sweden, and novelist Selma Lagerlöf in 1909 became the first woman as well as the first Swedish writer that won
Selma Lagerlöf was a novelist who turned away from literary realism to write romantic stories about the peasant life and landscape of northern Sweden, and in 1909 she became the first woman in addition to the first Swedish writer winning
A novelist who turned away from literary realism to write romantic stories about the peasant life and landscape of northern Sweden, Selma Lagerlöf became in 1909 the first woman and also the first Swedish writer to win
As a novelist, Selma Lagerlöf turned away from literary realism and wrote romantic stories about the peasant life and landscape of northern Sweden, in 1909 becoming the first woman and also the first Swedish writer that won
题目分析：
略。
选项分析：
A选项：状语in 1909修饰其身后的句子Selma Lagerlöf was the novelist，这是不正确的。不能说SL这个人在1909年才成为小说家，而是SL一直是小说家，到了1909年才获奖。因此，1909应该修饰 Selma Lagerlöf became the first woman。另外，定语从句who became the first woman and was also the first Swedish writer需改为 who became the first woman and also became the first Swedish writer。这是因为，第一位女性和第一位瑞士作家应该是同时间的两个状态，不能一个用became一个用was。
B选项：as well as虽然可以是连词，但其连接两者的后者在地位上要弱于前者，这点和and不同，and是纯粹的并列。在本题中，两个角色显然没有强弱区别，因此as well as需改为and。另外，定语从句that won the Nobel Prize for Literature应改为不定式短语to win the Nobel Prize for Literature，这点考查了不定式和从句的区别，用之于本题，“变成第一位女性和第一位瑞士作家”会直接影响“赢得诺贝尔奖”这一事件的发生与否，因此应该用不定式短语。
C选项：副词in addition to需改为并列连词and，became the first woman和was also the first Swedish write应具有并列关系。另外，winning the Nobel Prize for Literature应改为不定式短语to win the Nobel Prize for Literature，这点考查了不定式和ing的区别，该错误原理同(B)。
D选项：Correct. 本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的。
E选项：定语从句that won the Nobel Prize for Literature应改为不定式短语to win the Nobel Prize for Literature错误同选项(B)。
A novelist who turned away from literary realism to write romantic stories about the peasant life and landscape of northern Sweden, Selma Lagerlöf became in 1909 the first woman 【and also --一个人的两个title】 the first Swedish writer to win the Nobel Prize for Literature.
塞尔玛·拉格洛夫（Selma Lagerlöf）是一位从文学现实主义转向写瑞典北部农民生活和风景的浪漫故事的小说家，她于 1909 年成为第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的女性和瑞典作家。
第一位女性和第一位瑞士作家应该是同时间的两个状态，不能一个用became一个用was。
定语从句that won the Nobel Prize for Literature应改为不定式短语to win the Nobel Prize for Literature，“变成第一位女性和第一位瑞士作家”会直接影响“赢得诺贝尔奖”这一事件的发生与否，因此应该用to do。
考点：
逻辑意思（logical predication） 习惯用语（idiom）
1. 分词短语与逻辑主语之间插入东西不好。
2. the first…to do something：“数词+不定式”，惯用法。
选项分析：
A. in 1909放在Selma前面不好， turning away的修饰对象Selma被隔远了(也是一个典型错误)；
in 1909 Selma Lagerlöf was the novelist荒谬的说SL只有在1909年才从现实主义文学成为浪漫小说家，应该是 1909年成为first woman…；
and后面的多处了was使得原义变为SL是第一个女人，意思不对，应去掉was
B. She无指代， and novelist Selma使得两个分句分裂成两个人的事； turn away from…to…改为了 from…and…少了“弃前取后”的逻辑关系；
as well as有主次之分，分开了first woman和first Wewdish writer的平等关系，使得that仅指代了Swedish writer，使得前面became the first woman成为第一个女 人，意思不对
C. the first…winning习惯用法错误； in addition的存在同样使句子含义犯了成为“第一个女人”的错误。
D. Correct； 在这里如果去掉了also反而不好了， 如果就X and Y， 一般是用于指两个不同的人， 如果有了 also，一般指的是对同一个对象的两个描述，不过去掉also问题也不大；
first woman和first Swedish writer必须平起平坐(凭这点就能排除A,B,C)；
the first…to do sth正确用法
E. from…and错误同B； in 1909的位置不好，最好是放在becoming后面； that不能指代人；
句子逻辑上主次颠倒了，重心放到了前半部分。
补充说明：
who, whom只能指人，不可指物（如language，要用which指代）； which只能指物，不可指人
传统语法规定that不能用于指人，而只能用that指思想观点、动物或不具有生命的物体(植物属于不具有生命 的物体)，要用whose, whose可以指人也可以指物(prep1-192)
OG11-130里面说that不能指代人，只能用who来指代。 (虽然现代英语用法中that可以用于不同情形下)
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