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题库 / Prep2007E2-RC-42
The identification of femininity with morality and a belief in the innate moral superiority of women were fundamental to the cult of female domesticity in the nineteenth-century United States. Ironically, this ideology of female benevolence empowered women in the realm of social activism, enabling them to escape the confines of their traditional domestic spheres and to enter prisons, hospitals, battlefields, and slums. By following this path, some women came to wield considerable authority in the distribution of resources and services in their communities.
The sentimentalized concept of female benevolence bore little resemblance to women's actual work, which was decidedly unsentimental and businesslike, in that it involved chartering societies, raising money, and paying salaries. Moreover, in the face of legal limitations on their right to control money and property, women had to find ingenious legal ways to run and finance organized philanthropy. In contrast to the day-to-day reality of this work, the idealized image of female benevolence lent a sentimental and gracious aura of altruism to the very real authority and privilege that some women commanded—which explains why some women activists clung tenaciously to this ideology. But clinging to this ideology also prevented these women from even attempting to gain true political power because it implied a moral purity that precluded participation in the messy world of partisan politics.
According to the passage, the ideology of female benevolence was consistent with women taking part in each of the following spheres of activity EXCEPT
organized philanthropy
domestic life
electoral politics
fund-raising for worthy causes
social work
题目分析：
题目释义：
细节题目
考点：
支持主题（Supporting ideas）
旨在考察我们对文章细节的认知
这道题的定位是比较困难的，因为女性的“善意”贯穿了整个文章。所以只能全文的“hunter”。注意题目中的“除了”。
选项分析：
A选项：有组织的慈善事业。定位在“women had to find ingenious legal ways to run and finance organized philanthropy”，说明在“善意”的意识下,女性还是聪明的选择了“避开”劣势，参与有组织的慈善。
B选项：家庭生活。文中第一句就提到，19世纪就是这样了。
C选项： Correct. 选举的政治权力。定位在文中的最后一句，作者表明了坚持这种意识的劣势就是没有政治权力。
D选项：财富引起的筹募基金活动。定位在第二段“involved chartering societies, raising money, and paying salaries”。说明女性在这种意识下是可以筹募基金的。
E选项：社会工作。定位在“Ironically, this ideology of female benevolence empowered women in the realm of social activism”说明女性可以参加社会活动。
because this ideology implied a moral purity that precluded participation in the messy world of partisan politics.
But clinging to this ideology also prevented these women from even attempting to gain true political power because it implied a moral purity that precluded participation in the messy world of partisan politics.
在十九世纪的美国，将女性气质与道德相提并论，并相信女性天生的道德优势是对女性家务的基本崇拜。具有讽刺意味的是，这种女性仁慈的意识形态增强了妇女在社会活动领域的能力，使她们能够摆脱传统家庭领域的限制，进入监狱、医院、战场和贫民窟。通过走这条路，一些妇女在其社区的资源和服务分配方面拥有了相当大的权力。
女性仁慈的感性概念与女性的实际工作几乎没有什么相似之处，女性的实际工作显然不是感性的，而是商业性的，因为它涉及到特许社团、筹集资金和支付工资。此外，面对法律对她们控制金钱和财产权利的限制，妇女不得不找到巧妙的法律途径来经营和资助有组织的慈善事业。与这项工作的日常现实形成鲜明对比的是，女性仁慈的理想化形象给一些妇女所掌握的非常真实的权力和特权披上了一层感性和亲切的利他主义光环--这也解释了为什么一些妇女活动家顽强地坚持这种意识形态。但对这种意识形态的坚持也使这些妇女甚至无法尝试获得真正的政治权力，因为它意味着一种道德上的纯洁性，排除了参与混乱的党派政治世界。
women's actual work, which was decidedly unsentimental and businesslike, in that it involved chartering societies, raising money, and paying salaries. 故D正确
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先不说题，这个文章其实就说了一个字：天。。。
But clinging to this ideology also prevented these women from even attempting to gain true political power
女性的仁爱，使得女性在做社会事业的时候，具有了亲切的光辉
但是为了保持道德的高尚，女性就无法参与混乱的党政了
若实在看不懂，找位置不同的地方，C明显是在however之后的。
This passage confused me a lot when i was writing the questions,
First para: the definition of femininity empowered women in the social activities.
2nd para: The female concept let women do the financial work but kept them away from politics.
唯有choice c,But clinging to this ideology also prevented these women from even attempting to gain true political power
问题是关于女性慈爱的ideology和从事哪一种情活动的女性不吻合
choice a, women had to find ingenious legal ways to run and finance organized philanthropy
choice b, fundamental to the cult of female domesticity
choice d, involved chartering societies, raising money, and paying salaries
choice e, empowered women in the realm of social activism
worthy causes＝philanthropy
benevolence竟然是善意的意思 以为是暴力的意思。。。