Marconi's conception of the radio was as a substitute for the telephone, a tool for private conversation; instead, it is precisely the opposite, a tool for communicating with a large, public audience.
Marconi's conception of the radio was as a substitute for the telephone, a tool for private conversation; instead, it is
Marconi conceived of the radio as a substitute for the telephone, a tool for private conversation, but which is
Marconi conceived of the radio as a tool for private conversation that could substitute for the telephone; instead, it has become
Marconi conceived of the radio to be a tool for private conversation, a substitute for the telephone, which has become
Marconi conceived of the radio to be a substitute for the telephone, a tool for private conversation, other than what it is,
题目分析:
本题的难度在于有些选项的考点隐藏的较深,较难以排除。
选项分析:
A选项:本选项是一个系表结构,as a substitute for the telephone是Marconi’s conception of the radio的表语。在语法上,表语也称为主语的补语,在解释说明主语。因此,本选项的意思是:“M对于收音机的概念”是“电话的替代品”。但是,在逻辑上这是不正确的。因为,真正“是”电话的替代品的应该是“收音机”,而不是某人对收音机的概念,即,应该写为:
Marconi conceived of the radio as a tool for private conversation.
此时,as a tool for private conversation做宾语的补语,其表示the radio和a tool for private conversation之间是“是”的关系,这是因为,例如:
I put the book on the table.
划线部分也是宾语(the book)的补足语。观察例句可知,宾语the book和补语on the table之间是“是”的关系,即,the book is on the table。例句表示,我“令”书具有在桌子上这一状态。
B选项:but是一个连词,必须连接两个句子(有时因为省略而看似只连接了两个功能相同的成分(详见功能平行))。本选项中but后是一个定语从句,由于该从句前没有平行的对象,所以在语法上不正确。
C选项:Correct. 本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的。
D选项:which has become precisely the opposite是定语从句,就近修饰名词the telephone。但这在逻辑上是不对的。因为真正变成相反的东西的应该是“收音机”。另外,不定式短语to be a tool for private conversation应改为介词短语as a tool for private conversation。这点考查了不定式和名词的区别。用之于本题,由于conceive的约束力较弱(as/to be a tool是宾语的补足语),所以身后应用名词(介词短语)。
E选项:other than what it is不是连词,不能连接两个句子。other than = except,是“除了…以外”的意思,而且是介词短语,other than应改为rather than,且rather than可做介词亦可做连词,意思为“而不是…”。
做题的时候,第一个就把C选项排除了,虽然也有点犹豫,原因是:
只有A和C的这种结构能够表示出两个相反的观点:一个是马可尼的观点,一个是作者自己的观点。如果用非限定结构,会给人以误解which部分也是马可尼的观点。
之所以排除了C,因为radio在马可尼的意识里是无法分成两类的:一类可以替代电话,一类不可以替代电话。
所以最后就排除了自己的第一个判断标准,选了D选项,虽然which就近指代telephone不对,但是跳跃指代radio的情况也是可以发生的。
请老师看看说的两个判断依据是否有合理性?
定语从句的跳跃修饰现象虽然不算少见,但是跳过那么一大长串的词是不行的。跳跃修饰的原因通常有两种。一是因为英语是线性结构,当一个名词拥有两个定语时,只能顺序排列,必然会导致有一个定语的“跳跃”修饰;二是因为当定语过长时,经常会发生因为要突出主干而倒装的现象。但本题的D选项不具备上述两个条件中的任何一个,肯定不会很远的”跳跃“修饰。
再问:C选项中的that跳跃修饰的是tool,还是radio?
tool
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