Mall owner: Our mall's occupancy rate is so low that we are barely making a profit. We cannot raise rents because of an unacceptably high risk of losing established tenants. On the other hand, a mall that is fully occupied costs about as much to run as one in which a rental space here and a rental space there stands empty. Clearly, therefore, to increase profits we must sign up new tenants.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?
The mall's operating costs could be cut by consolidating currently rented spaces in such a way that an entire wing of the mall could be closed up.
The mall is located in a geographic area in which costs incurred for air-conditioning in the hot summers exceed those incurred for heating in the mid winters by a wide margin.
The mall's occupancy rate, though relatively low, has been relatively stable for several years.
The mall lost tenants as a result of each of the two major rent increases that have occurred there.
None of the mall's established tenants is likely to need additional floor space there in the foreseeable future.
Mark:这道题的削弱方式是注意结论的 绝对性词 must。
排除法
因为经营一个几乎全满的商场的成本(fully occupied costs)和经营一个比较空的商场成本一样。所以为了赚取利润必须签新的租客进来。问weaken
⚠️最后结论中提到了must 该题的目的在于削弱方案的唯一性:【must】 sign up new tenants.
choice a, 商场的运营成本(operating costs)可以通过整合现有租客(consolidating currently rented spaces)的方式来降低。(√)提出了另一个方案,削弱了方案的唯一性✅
choice e, 没有一个现有的租客在可见的未来需要额外的楼层空间。(×)增强
削弱的是 must
A 讲的是减少ops cost,这样也可以increase profit,不一定要找new tenant
E: 是support了conclusion的,现有租客不喜欢周围空着,所以要找新租客
Goal: increase profits
方案: find new tenants to increase profits
削弱:其他方案consolidate current spaces so the cost will decrease
⚠️最后结论中提到了must 该题的目的在于削弱方案的唯一性
A选项提出了另一个方案,削弱了方案的唯一性✅
强否定原因
因为经营一个几乎全满的商场的成本和经营一个比较空的商场成本一样。所以为了赚取利润必须签新的租客进来。问weaken
choice a, 商场的运营成本可以通过整合现有租客的方式来降低。correct,说明增加利润不止签新租客这一个办法
choice e, 没有一个现有的租客在可见的未来需要额外的楼层空间。strengthen the conclusion
也就是说
现在利润很低,要提高利润
两个方法:①cost角度②tenant角度
Clearly, therefore, to increase profits we must sign up new tenants.
注意:可能有一些逻辑题提出方案之后 问削弱 选项讲到另一个方案的话就应该排除了
但是!注意理解这个题目的问法:to increase profits==》must==》sign up new tenants
所以说 sign up new tenants 是一定可以提高利润的 毋庸置疑 题目想要削弱的是这个方案的唯一性!must!
The mall's operating costs could be cut by /consolidating currently rented spaces/ in such a way that an entire wing of the mall could be closed up.
注意理解这句话的意思 以及 句子的结构
体会 the entire wing==》一整边
On the other hand, a mall (that is fully occupied) /costs/ about as much to run as one (in which a rental space here and a rental space there stands empty).
empty的mall和fully occupied的mall的cost是一样的
结论:therefore, to increase profits we must sign up new tenants.要增加利润必须签约新的租户
weaken--增加利润还可以通过减少成本实现,因此不一定要增加租户
感觉这个题目很奇葩。一般方案推理不能选另一个方案。难道破题点是最后一句话用了一个“must”???这个“must”的出现导致Owner 认为只有一个方案可以(增加新租户)。于是硬生生的从一个方案推理变成了因果推理?即只要推翻owner的结论就行了,也就是还有其他方案帮助增加盈利?如果Owner用了“could/might”这种词,就变成传统的方案题?
就是因果推理
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因为。。。所以只有增加新的租户才可以增加收入。给出另一种可能,降低成本。
果因,weaken:给出 increase profit 的另外一个原因,或者同时提到rental space 和cost之间的联系。
老师不是说,方案找削弱的时候,不能给出另一个方案么,要找方案的副作用,可行性质疑以及可操作性质疑。
如果是评估或者加强,也不能说方案的另一个好处,要找副作用的取非。到这题,怎么就变成给出另一个方案了。
除非,就是理解成这不是方案,是因果,要断掉推出这个方案的因果联系,就是我告诉你增加利润是可以减成本的,你那个说成本不变,只能提高租户的逻辑是片面的。
这样的话对么?
这道题有点不太一样,它说的是唯一的方法是balabala,weaken就可以是有其他方法了
这个题显然是不合理的
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目标:增加利润。方案:全部占用的运营成本和一半空一半出租的成本是一样的,所以要尽快签约更多的客户来租房。 文中考虑的是成本不变,增加利润的方案。也可以削减成本增加利润,如A选项。
profits=renting-costs,
为了↑profits只有↑renting一种方法
削弱:有↓costs的方法来↑profits