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题库 / Prep2012-CR-35
Perkins: According to an article I read, the woolly mammoth's extinction in North America coincided with a migration of humans onto the continent 12,000 years ago, and stone spearheads from this period indicate that these people were hunters. But the author's contention that being hunted by humans contributed to the woolly mammoth's extinction is surely wrong since, as paleontologists know, no spearheads have ever been found among the many mammoth bones that have been unearthed.
Which of the following, if true, provides the strongest reason for discounting the evidence Perkins cites in arguing against the contention that being hunted by humans contributed to the North American extinction of woolly mammoths?
At sites where mammoth bones dating from 12,000 years ago have been unearthed, bones of other mammals have rarely been found.
The stone from which stone spearheads were made is unlikely to have disintegrated over the course of 12,000 years.
Conditions in North America 12,000 years ago were such that humans could not have survived there on a diet that did not include substantial amounts of meat.
Cave paintings in North America that date from 12,000 years ago depict woolly mammoths as well as a variety of other animals, including deer and buffalo.
Because of the great effort that would have been required to produce each stone spearhead, hunters would have been unlikely to leave them behind.
spearhead矛头武器之类的 问的是质疑原文中的证据：在出土的尸骸旁边没发现过武器 削弱：因为武器造的比较费劲所以人们杀完它会把武器带走 解释了为啥没发现武器
cr
错选b “unlikely to have disintegrated”
没有看到unlikely，只看到disintegrated就选了，注意前面还有否定词unlikely
不可能被侵蚀，说明如果有肯定能发现---加强了题干观点；
排除选e，
因果型，其他原因使结果不成立
P:woolly mammoth's的灭绝正好和人类到达的时间重合，但并不能说明是人类导致灭绝。因为在被埋葬的mammoth边上并没有发现人类使用的spearheaded。问如何反驳P
choice b, 用来制造spearheaded的石头不太可能在12000年前分解。 strengthen P's conclusion，排除了一个他因
choice c, 12000年前天气严寒，人类不太可能会在缺少大量肉食的情况下活下来。irrelevant，没有证据证明substantial meat一定是mammoth
choice e, 因为制造spearheaded很费力，猎人们不太可能丢下它们。correct，说明猎人们可能用spearheaded杀了mammoth以后又把斧头给带走了
provides the strongest reason for discounting the evidence Perkins cites
看清题目 问的是discount the evidence Perkins cites ，cites cites cites cites！
削弱证据
E选项削弱证据：找不到spearhead不是因为没有hunter，而是因为hunter带走了，他因削弱。
B选项表明石头仍然是完整的，加强结论。
没有痕迹只能说明人们带走啦
disintegrated adj.破裂的 不完整的
integrated adj.完整的
错选B...刚好是反方向的
E选项大坑。。。漏了个unlikely
E选项有错 尽快修正
太坑了吧，少了个unlikely，意思完全刚好相反
disintegrate粉碎 瓦解
discount贬低 忽视 不考虑
discounting the evidence Perkins cites in arguing against the contention 看清楚题，问的是削弱perkins引用的证据
Spear矛
E选项：
Because of the great effort that would have been required to produce each stone spearhead, hunters would have been unlikely to leave them behind.
额 打错了 would 不是wound。。。
e感觉题目有问题 应该是wound not吧。。。
找到削弱 "反驳不是由人引起” 的证据，即找由人引起的证据
I mean "unlikely"...
总觉得E怪怪的，于是Google了这道题：gmatclub和beatthegmat上面给出的E选项的内容都是：
Because of the great effort that would have been required to produce each stone spearhead, hunters would have been unlikely to leave them behind.
所以这里的E选项看起来是少了个unlike哈～
E选项漏了个unlikely吧