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题库 / Prep2012-CR-4
Increases in the level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in the human bloodstream lower bloodstream cholesterol levels by increasing the body's capacity to rid itself of excess cholesterol. Levels of HDL in the bloodstream of some individuals are significantly increased by a program of regular exercise and weight reduction.
Which of the following can be correctly inferred from the statements above?
Individuals who are underweight do not run any risk of developing high levels of cholesterol in the bloodstream.
Individuals who do not exercise regularly have a high risk of developing high levels of cholesterol in the bloodstream late in life.
Exercise and weight reduction are the most effective methods of lowering bloodstream cholesterol levels in humans.
A program of regular exercise and weight reduction lowers cholesterol levels in the bloodstream of some individuals.
Only regular exercise is necessary to decrease cholesterol levels in the bloodstream of individuals of average.
情景：人类血液中的高密度脂蛋白（HDL）的增加可增强身体去除多余的胆固醇的能力，从而降低血液中胆固醇水平的水平。进行运动、减轻体重可使得一些人血液中的HDL水平增加。
推理：由于本题直接问从推理文段中可以推断（infer）出什么内容，所以本题为演绎推理。
选题方式：略。
选项分析：
A选项：比较瘦的人不会有患上高胆固醇的风险。推理文段只说了减轻体重可使得一些人血液中的HDL水平增加，并没有说就不会患高胆固醇症了。
B选项：不常锻炼的人以后会有高的患上高胆固醇的风险。和选项(A)相仿，推理文段只说了减轻体重可使得一些人血液中的HDL水平增加，没说不锻炼就会增加患上高胆固醇症。
C选项：进行运动、减轻体重是最有效的降低胆固醇的方式。推理文段没有言明这两个方法是最好的或最有效的。
D选项：Correct. 规律性的锻炼和减重项目会降低某些个体的胆固醇等级。本选项说的十分严谨，并没有说是每个人的胆固醇，只是说了某些个体，也符合推理文段的表意。
E选项：只有规律性的锻炼可以降低胆固醇等级。推理文段只说了锻炼可使得一些人血液中的HDL水平增加，没说这是否是唯一的方法。
演绎推理：
原文有some，结论也要有some，这才严谨
原文：
Increases in the level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in the human bloodstream lower bloodstream cholesterol levels by increasing the body's capacity to rid itself of excess cholesterol.
即： HDL↑ →→ C level↓
Levels of HDL in the bloodstream of 【some individuals】 are significantly increased by a program of regular exercise and weight reduction.
即：regular exercise and weight reduction →→ 某些人的 HDL↑
※ 串起来：regular exercise and weight reduction →→ 某些人的 HDL↑ →→ 某些人的 C level↓
选项D：A program of regular exercise and weight reduction lowers cholesterol levels in the bloodstream of 【some individuals.（√）】
即：regular exercise and weight reduction →→ 某些人的C level↓
选项B：【Individuals（×）】 who do not exercise regularly have a high risk of developing high levels of cholesterol in the bloodstream late in life.
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